Obesity and its associated metabolic disorders are closely linked to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal dysfunction induced by high-fat diet (HFD).Systematically evaluated the intervention effects of α-linolenic acid (ALA), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and oleic acid (OA) on HFD-induced metabolic disorders in obese mice.C57BL/6 J mouse model was established with a high-fat diet and divided into the following groups, including control group (Con), HFD group, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) positive control group, and ALA, CLA, or OA intervention groups (n=8 per group).After 4 weeks of intervention, the weight, lipid levels, intestinal tissue morphology, and levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in mice were analyzed.The results indicated that both ALA and EPA significantly inhibited weight gain, reduced the serum and liver TC, TG, and LDL-C levels and increased the HDL-C levels.Furthermore, these fatty acids reversed the shortening of intestinal villi caused by HFD, increased the villus-crypt ratio, inhibited the expression of small intestinal inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β, and improved the oxidative stress by increasing superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase activities while decreasing malondialdehyde content.In contrast, interventions with CLA or OA had no significant regulatory effect.The study demonstrated that ALA had anti-obesity properties along with protective effects on the small intestine.These findings provide a foundation for precise dietary lipid regulation in addressing metabolic syndrome.
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