Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of fatty acid monoglycerides has obtained a lot of research interests in recent years, since its mild reaction conditions, high selectivity, safe and environmentally friendly. The key to the enzymatic synthesis of fatty acid monoglycerides is the maintenance of enzyme activity and the miscibility of the reaction substrates during the reaction, that is, the selection and regulation of the enzymatic reaction system. The research progress on several enzymatic reaction systems of enzymatic synthesis of fatty acid monoglycerides is mainly introduced, such as organic solvent system, reverse micellar system, solvent-free system, supercritical fluid system and ionic liquid system. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of aforementioned enzymatic reaction systems were summarized and forecasted.