Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)  can observe   ultrastructure of less than 0.2μm cell, consequently this technology can conduct the more in-depth research of the fruit and vegetables amples at the molecular level. The paper introduces the working principle and the history of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technology, and also comprehensively discusses the experimental conditions the best harvest of fruit, the postharvest storage condition and appropriate preservation methods determined by TEM technology. The application prospect of TEM technology used in fresh-keeping and related research is also discussed. TEM technology will get more extensive application in fruits and vegetables preservation.