The aim of this work was to investigate the main deterioration factor that badly affected the storage quality for the low-temperature storage (4±1)℃ ofprunus americana, and the comprehensive evaluation method ofprunus americanawith 1-Methylcyclopropene(1-MCP) treatment. Using the prunus americanaas the experimental material, the changes in fruit skin color, fruit firmness, soluble solid content, content of titratable acid, reducing sugar, weight loss rate during storage were investigated by one-way analysis. Combination of multiple variables into a new and unrelated comprehensive index through subordinate function and factor analysis to comprehensive evaluation the storage quality ofprunus americanawith different concentration and handling time of 1-MCP treatment. The results showed that skin color and fruit firmness are the main factors of determining theprunus americanaquality. The comprehensive evaluation model built by factor analysis revealed thatprunus americanatreated with 0.75 μL/L 1-MCP showed a better storability, and its preservation period could be prolong for 16 days. In conclusion, this study used multivariate analysis method to comprehensively evaluate comprehensive scores ofprunus americanawith 1-MCP treatment during storage, and clarified the main deterioration factor that badly affected the storage quality, and determined the proper concentration and time of 1-MCP treatment to preserve theprunus americana.