Carotenoids in Nanfeng mandarin peel were extracted by microwave-assisted saponification. Based on single factor experiments, microwave-assisted saponification process was optimized by BoxBehnken experimental design and response surface analysis. C30 column and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled withdiode array detection (DAD) and atmospheric pressure chemical ioniation-tandem mass spectroscopy (APCI-MS) were applied to identify and quantify major carotenoids in Nanfengmandarin peel. Effects of microwave-assisted saponification and traditional thermal and cold saponification on the composition and contents of main carotenoids in citrus peel were compared.The results showed that the optimal conditions for extracting carotenoids by microwave-assisted saponification were as follows: microwaving at 500 W for 10 min, using 1.0 mol/L KOH-ethanol solution. The yields of carotenoids were (0.709 6±0.11)‰. Moreover, a total of 23 carotenoids were identified, with β-cryptoxanthin, luteoxanthin, 9-cis-violaxanthin, di-cis-neox-anthin, antherxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin were the main components. The contents of carotenoids extracted by microwave-assisted saponification were significantly higher than that extracted by traditional thermal and cold saponification. These three saponification methods had great influences on the composition and contents of oxycarotenoids.
FANG Ming
,
SUN Zhigao
,
YU Fengsheng
,
ZHANG Qunlin
,
LI Tian
,
SHENG Ran
,
HAO Jingmei
. Extraction of carotenoids from citrus peel by microwave-assisted saponification and its components[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2019
, 45(8)
: 115
-122
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.019018
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