Bamboo juice of Phyllostachys glauca McClure (P. glauca) and Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens (P. heterocycla) were prepared by dry distillation and water extraction method. Their chemical components were identified by UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS. The results showed that there was little difference in composition between the two bamboo juice and preparation methods didn’t affect the composition. Furthermore, p-Coumaric acid was the main phenolic acid component found in both bamboo juice and it was higher in P. glauca than P. heterocycla . There are many chlorogenic acid compounds found in the bamboo juice, such as p-coumaroylquinic acid, caffeoylquinic acid, feruloylquinic acid and dicaffeoylquinic acid, and the kinds and concentration in P. heterocycla are richer than that of P. glauca. In addition, 15 constituents, including organic acids such as malic acid, citric acid, some phenolic acid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides were identified in both species. Moreover, the dry distillation and water extraction methods were compared in terms of baoboo juice yield, total flavonoids, total polyphenols, total free amino acids and p-coumaric acid content. The results showed that the yield of water extraction was much higher than that of dry distillation, and the content of p-coumaric acid, total flavonoids, total polyphenols and total free amino acids was also higher than that of dry distillation.
[1] 金晓飞, 李红, 蒋孟良, 等. 不同种竹沥的化学组分分析及其药效研究[J]. 中医药导报, 2014, 20(5): 82-85.
[2] 江云, 孙佳彬, 张超, 等. 竹沥的研究现状与思考[J]. 中国药房, 2017, 28(28): 4 014-4 018.
[3] NIRMALA C, BISHT M S, BAJWA H K, et al. Bamboo: A rich source of natural antioxidants and its applications in the food and pharmaceutical industry[J]. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2018, 77: 91-99.
[4] 王芳. 竹沥颗粒对慢性支气管炎模型大鼠的疗效及机制探讨[D]. 成都: 成都中医药大学, 2017:18-29.
[5] 罗怀浩, 蒋孟良, 金晓飞, 等. 不同干馏时间所制竹沥对小鼠止咳化痰作用的影响[J]. 中医药导报, 2015, 21(19): 33-35.
[6] 巨亚敏, 朱旭敏. 急性咽喉炎给予竹沥胶囊治疗的临床观察[J]. 世界最新医学信息文摘, 2018, 18(61): 110; 121.
[7] 高田娟,翁娅韵,余亚平. 复方鲜竹沥液联合布地奈德和孟鲁司特钠治疗咳嗽性哮喘临床疗效及对炎症因子和肺功能的影响[J]. 浙江中西医结合杂志, 2019, 29(1): 49-51.
[8] 金晓飞, 李红, 杨欣, 等. 四种竹沥化学成分分析研究[J]. 西部中医药, 2014, 27(5): 13-15.
[9] 姚金龙, 付辉政, 周志强, 等. 鲜竹沥乙酸乙酯部位的化学成分研究[J]. 中药材, 2018, 41(10): 2 354-2 358.
[10] 熊艳, 吴学文, 蒋孟良. 淡竹沥四种不同制备工艺的比较研究[J]. 中成药, 2006, 28(12): 1 825-1 826.
[11] 张规富, 陈亚. 不同方法制备的雷竹竹沥化学成分分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2017, 56(9): 1 730-1 733;1 800.
[12] 中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 20574—2006 蜂胶中总黄酮含量的测定方法—分光光度比色法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[13] 何新益,刘金福,何菲.糙米发芽前后抗氧化活性比较研究[J]. 中国粮油学报, 2009, 24(11): 6-8;16.
[14] 刘清, 李玉, 姚惠源. Folin-Ciocalteu比色法测定大麦提取液中总多酚的含量[J]. 食品科技, 2007(4): 175-177.
[15] 中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 8314—2013 茶—游离氨基酸总量的测定[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2013.
[16] MENA P,SÁCNCHEZ-SALCEDO E M, TASSOTTI M, et al. Phytochemical evaluation of eight white (Morus alba L.) and black (Morus nigra L.) mulberry clones grown in Spain based on UHPLC-ESI-MSn metabolomic profiles[J]. Food Research International, 2016, 89: 1 116-1 122.
[17] ISMAIL KILIÇ,YEŞIM YEŞILOg'LM. Spectroscopic studies on the antioxidant activity of p-coumaric acid[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2013, 115: 719-724.
[18] STOJKOVIC D, PETROVIC J, SOKOVIC M, et al. In situ antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of naturally occurring caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and rutin, using food systems[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2013, 93(13): 3 205-3 208.
[19] SUN G L, ZHANG X P,XU X, et al. The isolation and structure identification of four Lignan’s stereoisomers from Uncaria sinensis (Oliv.) Havil[J]. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012, 6(11): 2 200-2 205.
[20] WEISZ G M, KAMMERER D R, CARLE R.Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) kernels and shells by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MSn[J]. Food Chemistry, 2009, 115(2): 758-765.
[21] ZHELEVA-DIMITROVA D, GEVRENOVA R, ZAHARIEVA M M, et al. HPLC‐UV and LC-MS analyses of acylquinic acids in Geigeria alata (DC) Oliv. & Hiern. and their contribution to antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity[J]. Phytochemical Analysis, 2017, 28(3): 176-184.
[22] ONAKPOYA I, SPENCER E, THOMPSON M, et al. The effect of chlorogenic acid on blood pressure:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials[J]. Journal of human hypertension, 2015, 29(2): 77-81.
[23] QIU X L, GUO Y X, ZHANG Q F. Chemical profile and antioxidant activity of Gynura bicolor DC. ethanolic extract[J]. International Journal of Food Properties, 2018, 21(1): 407-415.
[24] ELSADIG KARAR M G, KUHNERT N. UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS characterization of phenolics from crataegus monogyna and crataegus laevigata (Hawthorn) Leaves, fruits and their herbal derived drops (Crataegutt Tropfen)[J]. Journal of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, 2015, 1: 1-23.
[25] PAPETTI A, MAIETTA M, CORANA F, et al. Polyphenolic profile of green/red spotted Italian Cichorium intybus salads by RP-HPLC-PDA-ESI-MSn[J]. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 2017, 63: 189-197.
[26] STEINGASS C B, GLOCK M P, SCHWEIGGERT R M, et al. Studies into the phenolic patterns of different tissues of pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) infructescence by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and GC-MS analysis[J]. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2015, 407(21): 6 463-6 479.
[27] BYSTROM L M, LEWIS B A, BROWN D L, et al. Characterization of phenolics by LC-UV/vis,LC-MS/MS and sugars by GC in Melicoccus bijugatus Jacq.'Montgomery' fruits [J]. Food chemistry, 2008, 111(4): 1 017-1 024.
[28] RAJAURIA G, FOLEY B, ABU-GHANNAM N. Identification and characterization of phenolic antioxidant compounds from brown Irish seaweed Himanthalia elongata using LC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS[J]. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 2016, 37: 261-268.
[29] AHMAD-QASEM M H, BARRAJÓN-CATALÁN E, MICOL V, et al. Influence of freezing and dehydration of olive leaves (var. Serrana) on extract composition and antioxidant potential[J]. Food Research International, 2013, 50(1): 189-196.
[30] KANG J, PRICE W E, ASHTON J, et al. Identification and characterization of phenolic compounds in hydromethanolic extracts of sorghum wholegrains by LC-ESI-MSn [J]. Food Chemistry, 2016, 211: 215-226.
[31] SANZ M, DE SIMÓN B F, CADAHíA E, et al. LC-DAD/ESI-MS/MS study of phenolic compounds in ash (Fraxinus excelsior L. and F. americana L.) heartwood.Effect of toasting intensity at cooperage[J]. Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 2012, 47(7): 905-918.
[32] LLORENT-MARTíNEZ E J, SPíNOLA V, GOUVEIA S, et al. HPLC-ESI-MSn characterization of phenolic compounds,terpenoid saponins, and other minor compounds in Bituminaria bituminosa[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2015, 69: 80-90.
[33] HAN J, YE M, QIAO X, et al. Characterization of phenolic compounds in the Chinese herbal drug Artemisia annua by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 2008, 47(3): 516-525.
