A double wavelength visible absorption spectrometry method for the rapid determination of benzoic acid in pastries and carbonated beverages was developed. In a Tris- hydrochloric acid medium of pH 8.54, benzoic acid reacted with ethyl violet to form a binary ionic association complex. The maximum negative absorption wavelength was located at 497 nm, and the second largest negative absorption wavelength was at 628 nm. The mass concentration of benzoic acid in the range of 0.03 to 1.2 mg/L has a good linear relationship with the light absorption intensity, and the Lambert-beer's law was obeyed. The apparent molar absorptivity (κ) were 5.04×104 L/ (mol·cm) (497 nm) and 3.70×104 L/ (mol·cm) (628 nm), respectively. The detection limit was 0.026 mg/L (497 nm) and 0.028 mg/L (628 nm) respectively. The quantitative limits of carbonated beverages were 4.33 mg/L (497 nm) and 4.66 mg/L (628 nm), respectively, ang the quantitative limits of pastries were 14.4 mg/kg (497 nm) and 15.4 mg/kg (628 nm). When measured by the dual - wavelength method, linear range was 0.02 to 1.2 mg/L, the apparent molar absorptivity (κ) was 8.74×104 L/ (mol·cm), the detection limit was 0.014 mg/L. The quantitative limits of carbonated beverages and pastries were 2.33 mg/kg and 7.33 mg/kg, respectively; and the spiked recovery was 97.1% to 103%, the relative standard deviation RSD (n=5) was 2.0% to 2.8%. The method was simple, rapid and sensitive, which was suitable for the determination of benzoic acid in carbonated beverages and pastries.
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