This study aims to obtain the relationship between sugar metabolism and gene expression and fruit softening of melon. Fruits were stored under different conditions: 20 ℃, 2 ℃ and 20 ℃ after the treatment of 1-MCP. The firmness, respiration rate, starch and soluble sugar content and related enzymes activities of melon fruits during ripening and softening were determined, and the key enzymes genes (AM, SPS, SS and AI) were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that the starch degraded rapidly during post-harvest, and the fruit firmness quickly decreased in this process. Amylase (AM) was the key enzyme in the early stage of fruit softening. During fruit ripening and softening, the contents of sucrose, fructose and glucose all decreased. In addition, sucrose metabolism also participated in fruit ripening and softening. The sugar metabolism, enzyme activity and related gene expression in melon fruit could be inhibited by low temperature and 1-MCP treatment. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving and optimizing the storage and preservation technology of melon.
[1] 阎香言, 张熠可,李福瑞,等. 不同质地桃果实软化过程中细胞壁组分变化的差异[J]. 北方园艺, 2017(20): 60-66.
[2] 孔祥佳, 任思琪,林河通,等. 不同成熟度橄榄果实冷藏期间细胞壁代谢对采后冷害的响应特性[J]. 食品科学, 2018, 39(3): 229-235.
[3] 曹嵩晓, 张冲,汤雨凡,等. 植物脂氧合酶蛋白特性及其在果实成熟衰老和逆境胁迫中的作用[J]. 植物生理学报, 2014, 50(8): 1 096-1 108.
[4] RACQUEL S. WILLIAMS, NOUREDDINE BENKEBLIA. Biochemical and physiological changes of star apple fruit (Chrysophyllum cainito) during different “on plant” maturation and ripening stages[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2018, 236(6): 36-42.
[5] LATOCHA P, KRUPA T, JANKOWSKI P, et al. Changes in postharvest physicochemical and sensory characteristics of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta and its hybrid) after cold storage under normal versus controlled atmosphere[J]. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2014, 88: 21-33.
[6] JOHN E L, ELSPETH M. New complexities in the synthesis of sucrose[J]. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2003, 165(1): 9-21.
[7] 马婷, 任亚梅,庞荣,等. 1-MCP处理对亚特猕猴桃冷藏期生理特性及品质的影响[J]. 中国食品学报, 2016, 16(11): 145-153.
[8] 艾沙江·买买提,张校立,梅闯,等. 库尔勒香梨果实可溶性糖积累及代谢相关酶活性变化[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2018, 55(4): 664-673.
[9] 李馨玥, 李通,袁晖,等. ‘南果梨’果实发育过程中糖分积累与相关基因表达分析[J]. 果树学报, 2016, 33(S1): 59-64.
[10] 张慧琴, 谢鸣,张琛,等. 猕猴桃果实发育过程中淀粉积累差异及其糖代谢特性[J]. 中国农业科学, 2014,47(17): 3 453-3 464.
[11] ALICE T,VANINA Z A S N,et al. On the role of ethylene, auxin and a GOLVEN-like peptide hormone in the regulation of peach ripening[J]. BMC Plant Biology, 2016, 16(1):1-17.
[12] 韩帅, 蔡洪芳,马瑞娟,等. 1-MCP处理对采后桃果实糖代谢的影响[J]. 食品工业科技, 2018, 39(18): 264-269.
[13] 李江阔,曹森,张鹏,等.1-MCP采前处理对葡萄采后相关酶活性与品质的影响[J].食品科学, 2014, 35(22):270-275.
[14] CAMPS C, GUILLERMIN P, MAUGET J C,et al. Data analysis of penetrometric force/displacement curves for the characterization of whole apple fruits[J]. Journal of Texture Studies, 2005, 36(4):387-401.
[15] 李明霞,韩建群,王琦,等. 低强度微波处理对猕猴桃细胞壁降解酶活性的影响[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2015, 41(11): 52-58.
[16] 谢季云, 赵晓敏,汪永琴,等. 1-MCP处理对不同期采收的阿克苏富士苹果在采后贮藏期糖代谢的影响[J]. 现代食品科技, 2018, 34(9): 111-121;214.
[17] MERLO L, PASSERA C. Changes in carbohydrate and enzyme levels during development of leaves of Prunus persica, a sorbitol synthesizing species[J]. Physiologia Plantarum, 1991, 83: 621-626.
[18] ITAI A, TANAHASHI T. Inhibition of sucrose loss during cold storage in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) by 1-MCP[J]. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2008, 48: 355-363.
[19] SHAO X F, ZHU Y F, CAO S, et al. Soluble sugar content and metabolism as related to the heat-induced chilling tolerance of loquat fruit during cold storage[J]. Food and Bioprocess Technology, 2013, 6(12): 3 490-3 498.
[20] 潘俨, 孟新涛,车凤斌,等. 库尔勒香梨果实发育成熟的糖代谢和呼吸代谢响应特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(17): 3 391-3 412.
[21] 戚雯烨, 周晨卉,宋丽君,等. 毛花猕猴桃‘华特’果实采后糖代谢研究[J]. 果树学报, 2016, 33(6): 744-751.
[22] 魏宝东, 梁冰,张鹏,等. 1-MCP处理结合冰温贮藏对磨盘柿果实软化衰老的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2014, 35(10): 236-240.
[23] 齐秀东, 魏建梅,李永红. 苹果果实质地软化过程中碳水化合物代谢及其关键酶基因表达的变化[J]. 园艺学报, 2015, 42(3): 409-417.
[24] WANG K, SHAO X F, GONG Y F, et al. The metabolism of soluble carbohydrates related to chilling injury in peach fruit exposed to cold stress[J]. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2013, 86: 53-61.
[25] 陈景丹, 许凤,陈伟,等. 猕猴桃果实采后软化期间淀粉降解关键基因表达分析[J]. 核农学报, 2018, 32(2): 236-243.
[26] 苗红霞, 金志强,刘伟鑫,等. 香蕉采后果肉硬度与淀粉代谢变化[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(28): 124-128.
[27] 胡丽松, 吴刚,郝朝运,等. 菠萝蜜果实中糖分积累特征及相关代谢酶活性分析[J]. 果树学报, 2017, 34(2): 224-230.
[28] AGOPIAN R G D, PERONI-OKITA F H G, SOARES C A, et al. Low temperature induced changes in activity and protein levels of the enzymes associated to conversion of starch to sucrose in banana fruit[J]. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2011, 62: 133-140.
[29] 蔡小林, 潘介春,周煜棉,等. 荔枝糖酸代谢特性及其调控研究进展[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(4): 17-22.
[30] DENG L, PAN X Q, CHEN L, et al. Effects of preharvest nitric oxide treatment on ethylene biosynthesis and soluble sugars metabolism in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples[J]. Postharvest Biology Technology, 2013, 84: 9-15.
