This study aimed to analyze the effects of methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin on gastrointestinal microecology in an optimized model of multistage continuous colonic fermentation. An in vitro simulated colonic fermentation model was established by optimizing the culture media via an orthogonal experimental design (OED) method. This model analyzed various gases supplemented to the fermentation system via comparative experiments and determined the stability of the microbial community structure with an electronic nose. After adding methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin separately into the optimized model, the fermented broth samples were harvested for 16S rRNA sequencing, determining enzymatic activities, and measuring short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels to investigate the regulatory effects of these two cobalt porphyrins on the gastrointestinal microbiota. The results revealed that both methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin reduced the alpha-diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Cyanocobalamin significantly increased the relative abundance of bacteria associated with inflammation and cancer, whereas methylcobalamin increased the abundance of butyrate-producing enteric bacteria. Besides, our results also revealed that starch digestion was promoted and inhibited by cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin, respectively. Both cobalt porphyrins promoted the metabolism of lipid, terpenoids, and polyketides as well as the degradation of exogenous substances and inhibited the synthesis of secondary metabolites such as the transcription factors, the ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters), DNA repair and recombination (DRR) proteins, nitrogen metabolism, and the phosphotransferase system. Additionally, cyanocobalamin exhibited greater inhibitory effects than those by methylcobalamin. This study suggests that different cobalt porphyrins may have different effects on the human gastrointestinal microbiota, and methylcobalamin is more beneficial for the human gastrointestinal health.
FENG Xiao
,
BAO Xuan
,
XIANG Shasha
,
SHEN Yubiao
,
YING Xuanyu
,
YING Jian
,
JI Wei
,
ZHU Xuan
. Regulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota by cobalt porphyrins via simulated colonic fermentation[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2020
, 46(12)
: 87
-94
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.023595
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