Essential oil from Xiangyuan(C.wilsonii Tanaka) peel was extracted by hydrodistillation method.Forty-four compounds were identified in the oil.Limonene(50.53%) was the major component,followed by p-ocymene(16.40%),γ-Terpinene(8.75%),β-ocimene(5.03%),β-Pinene(3.35%),α-Pinene(2.66%),and β-Myrcene(2.30%).Eleven aroma-active constituents were investigated by capillary GC-MS-O.Nine compounds,β-Pinene,α-pinene,p-ocymene,limonene oxide,linalool,4-terpinenol,trans-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol,neryl acetate,and valencene were indentified.From the smelling test,p-ocymene and terpinyl propionate were suggested as key contributors to the characteristic aroma of Xiangyuan fruit.