Essential oil of Blumea balsamifera(L.) DC.leaves cultivated in Hainan province(Qiong) was obtained by hydrodistillation.Forty-five compounds were qualitatively determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),including monoterpenes(48.55%) and sesquiterpenes(39.91%).The top five components were(-)-borneol(28.45%),caryophyllene(22.98%),camphor(9.56%),α-cubenene(8.32%) and β-piene(4.32%).The essential oil showed antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging test,β-carotene bleaching test and thiobarbituric acid reactive species assay.Agar diffusion method and agar dilution method showed that essential oil had antimicrobial activity to six kinds of microorganism.It possessed stronger inhibition capacity on Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus(MIC: 625 μg/mL),and had inhibition activity on Escherichia coli,Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica(MIC: 2500 μg/mL).The above results demonstrated that essential oil of Qiong Blumea balsamifera(L.) DC.leaves had significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities,and has potential as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent used in food and cosmetic.