To develop a rapid,simple detection of colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay for detecting the toxic substance 5-Hydroxymethy furfural(HMF) in honey.Methods: competing antibody binding reaction was applied.Nanocolloidal gold particles were prepared and labeled to anti-HMF monoclonal antibody.Anti-HMF was conjugated to bovine serum albumin(BAS) and then dispersed on a nitrocellulose membrane as the test line(T).The presence or absence of a colored bang on the test line indicated a negative or positive result.Result: If the content of HMF in honey extract is less than 40mg / kg,then the excess of colloidal gold-labeled complex with T line HMF-specific binding of carrier protein to form purple bands to form a negative band.Otherwise,it means positive.Conclusion: This method is an alternative method for the test of HMF content in honey extract using spectrophotometry and HPLC.The method is also sensitive,simple and rapid.