A fast analysis method of aroma compounds in peanut oil using optimized headspace solid-phase microextraction conditions combined with GC / MS was established.74compounds were identified,including Pyrazine,Furans,Pyrroles,Pyridines,Aldehydes,Ketones,Alcohols,Acids in main component of peanut oil aroma.There were 19 Pyrazine compounds and 7 Furan compounds considered the main contributors of peanut oil flavor.Pure peanut oils and other vegetable oils with 116 aroma compounds calculated by internal standard were analyzed through principal component analysis(PCA),and the result showed those 116 compound can help in identifying peanut oil and others.