In order to study the effect of inoculating microbes on degradation and maturity of composting,rnitrogen-fixation bacteria(NF),cellulose-decomposing bacteria(CD),nitrogen-fixation bacteria plus cellulose-decomposing bacteria(NF + CD) were inoculated in vinegar dregs.Then,temperature,moisture,pH value,total organic carbon,crude fibre and seed germination index were determined across the composting process.The results showed that the rise of temperature,water loss and pH change of NF + CD appeared earlier and more obviously compared with other treatments,and NF + CD entered mature period 5-6 days ahead than NF and CD,13 days ahead than CK.After the fermentation accomplished,the content of total organic carbon and crude fiber of NF + CD decreased 46.22% and 28.1%respectively.Moreover,for NF and CD,the degradation efficiency of the total organic carbon and crude fiber was markedly higher than that in CK,although less than that in NF + CD,and the degradation efficiency of crude fiber reached 36.8% in treatment of CD.The seed germination index was over 80% after 42 d,49d and 49 d,when inoculated NF + CD,NF and CD respectively,while the CK needed 56 d.Therefore,composting with microbial inoculation could improve temperature of materials at the initial stage,advance the period of high temperature,increase the accumulated temperature,which stimulated the moisture loss,degradation of total organic carbon and crude fiber,improved seed germination index,and shortened the composting period.In addition,the effect of nitrogen-fixation bacteria and cellulosedecomposing bacteria inoculating mixed on vinegar dregs composing were more prominent than they inoculating singly.