In this study,citric acid and lipid were simultaneously produced by Yarrowia lipolytica from illegal cooking oil. We found that the conditions for both high yields of citric acid and intracellular lipid were as follows: the optimal inoculum size was 5 × 108 cells / L medium; the best initial concentration of carbon resource was 80. 0 g / L;the rotate speeds of the cultivation was 180 r / min. Under these conditions the yields of citric acid and intracellular lipid reached 33. 6 g / L and 44. 9 g /100 g cell dry weight respectively. The whole fermentation contains three distinct phases,namely growth phase,lipogenic phase,and citric acid production phase. The fatty acid of intracellular lipid was more unsaturated compared to that of illegal cooking oil.