By-products from acid hydrolysis of wheat straw can seriously inhibit butanol fermentation. The removal effect of resins on butanol fermentation inhibitors was studied here. Strong acid styrene cation exchange resin 732 and microporous resin XAD-4 were used for the removal of inhibitors in wheat straw hydrolysate, while the untreated group was set as control. Higher yield and concentration of butanol were obtained from the fermentation with resin 732 treatment than those from macroporous resin XAD-4 treatment. Additionally, after resin 732 treatment, fermentation was conducted at a sugar content of 33.23 g/L, and the concentration of butanol and total solvent reached 7.58 and 13.09 g/L, with the yield of 0.23 and 0.40 g/g, which were 5.3 and 5.9 times higher than those from the control group, respectively. In the control group, the accumulation rates of ATP and NADH were slow at the early fermentation stage and reached top values at 24 h. More importantly, during the fermentation, the highest activities of ethanol dehydrogenase and butanol dehydrogenase only reached 29% and 44% of the initial value, while in resin 732 treated group, these could reach as high as 171% and 142%, respectively.
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