After treatment with the method of sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process (SBR), the waste liquor from fuel ethanol production is still difficult to meet the emission standards. In order to conserve water and decrease the production costs, a reused SBR effluent in the ethanol production process was proposed. The result showed that the direct reuse of SBR effluent the yeast cell numbers and ethanol production decreased by 46.2% and 54.8% compared to the use of tap water, indicating that the ethanol fermentation has been inhibited. But the ethanol fermentation indicator was the same as the control after the SBR effluent was treated by ozone, indicating that ozone treatment can completely eliminate the inhibitory effect on ethanol fermentation. Further analysis of the inorganic ion content in the SBR effluent revealed that after treated by ozone oxidation, the concentrations of most inorganic ions had no significant change, except nitrite ions concentration, which decreased from 104.83 mg/L to 0 mg/L. Moreover, the assay of adding nitrite ions in ethanol fermentation showed that nitrite was the main inhibitory component in the SBR effluent. The inhibition of fermentation occurred when nitrite concentration reached 5 mg/L, which can be represented as the decreased yeast cells, the increased death rates, the destroyed cell morphology, and the decreased glucose utilization rates. These results suggest that nitrite is the major inhibitor in ethanol fermentation, and ozone oxidation can completely promote the conversion of nitrite into nitrate. Transcriptomics results showed that after treated with 100 mg/L nitrite, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway in yeast cells were downregulated significantly, which leads to inhibition of cell metabolism and the diminished life activity, thus resulting in the inhibition of ethanol fermentation.
LI Ziqi
,
WANG Liang
,
CHEN Xusheng
,
ZHANG Hongjian
,
ZHANG Jianhua
. Application of ozone oxidation in recycling sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process effluent for ethanol fermentation[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2024
, 50(3)
: 126
-131
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.035400
[1] 王同, 晁伟, 陈超超, 等.基于多种生产路线的燃料乙醇研究现状与展望[J].酿酒科技, 2022(12):97-102.
WANG T, CHAO W, CHEN C C, et al.Research status and prospect of fuel ethanol based on multiple production routes[J].Liquor-Making Science & Technology, 2022(12):97-102.
[2] 盛玄玄. 燃料乙醇蒸发冷凝水资源化技术的研究[D].无锡:江南大学, 2021.
SHENG X X.Study on resource utilization technology of fuel ethanol condensate[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University, 2021.
[3] 盛玄玄, 张建华, 黄河, 等.蒸发冷凝水经臭氧处理后回用于乙醇发酵的可行性研究[J].食品与发酵工业, 2021, 47(24):132-136.
SHENG X X, ZHANG J H, HUANG H, et al.Investigation on reutilization of condensate treated by O3 oxidation in ethanol fermentation[J].Food and Fermentation Industries, 2021, 47(24):132-136.
[4] ZHANG Q H, LU X, TANG L, et al.A novel full recycling process through two-stage anaerobic treatment of distillery wastewater for bioethanol production from cassava[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 179(1-3):635-641.
[5] YANG X C, WANG K, WANG H J, et al.Novel process combining anaerobic-aerobic digestion and ion exchange resin for full recycling of cassava stillage in ethanol fermentation[J].Waste Management, 2017, 62:241-246.
[6] 牟洁. 臭氧氧化技术在水处理中的应用研究[J].环境与发展, 2018, 30(1):81-82.
MOU J.Application of ozone oxidation technology in water treatment[J].Environment and Development, 2018, 30(1):81-82.
[7] SINGH S, SETH R, TABE S, et al.Oxidation of emerging contaminants during pilot-scale ozonation of secondary treated municipal effluent[J].Ozone:Science & Engineering, 2015, 37(4):323-329.
[8] WERT E C, ROSARIO-ORTIZ F L, DRURY D D, et al.Formation of oxidation byproducts from ozonation of wastewater[J].Water Research, 2007, 41(7):1481-1490.
[9] 赵雪梅, 伍时华, 龙秀锋, 等.丁香醛对酿酒酵母乙醇发酵过程和理化特性的影响[J].食品与发酵工业, 2022, 48(16):188-195.
ZHAO X M, WU S H, LONG X F, et al.Effects of syringaldehyde on ethanol fermentation and physicochemical properties of Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Food and Fermentation Industries, 2022, 48(16):188-195.
[10] 王玉炯, 苏建宇, 贾士儒.发酵工程研究进展[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社, 2007.
WANG Y J, SU J Y, JIA S R.Research Progress in Fermentation Engineering[M].Yinchuan:Ningxia People's Publishing House, 2007.
[11] 穆英健, 侯红霞, 聂斌.酵母死亡率检测方法的差异性分析[J].中外酒业·啤酒科技, 2019(21):13-18.
MU Y J, HOU H X, NIE B.Difference analysis of detection methods of yeast mortality[J].Global Alcinfo, 2019(21):13-18.
[12] NAUMOV S, MARK G, JAROCKI A, et al.The reactions of nitrite ion with ozone in aqueous solution-new experimental data and quantum-chemical considerations[J].Ozone:Science & Engineering, 2010, 32(6):430-434.
[13] DONOSO-BRAVO A, ROSENKRANZ F, VALDIVIA V, et al.Anaerobic sequencing batch reactor as an alternative for the biological treatment of wine distillery effluents[J].Water Science and Technology, 2009, 60(5):1155-1160.
[14] LANGONE M, YAN J A, HAAIJER S C M, et al.Coexistence of nitrifying, anammox and denitrifying bacteria in a sequencing batch reactor[J].Frontiers in Microbiology, 2014, 5:28.
[15] WANG J Y, ZHANG C S, RONG H W.Analysis and succession of nitrifying bacteria community structure in sequencing biofilm batch reactor[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2014, 98(10):4581-4587.
[16] SCHMITT H D, CIRIACY M, ZIMMERMANN F K.The synthesis of yeast pyruvate decarboxylase is regulated by large variations in the messenger RNA level[J].Molecular and General Genetics MGG, 1983, 192(1-2):247-252.
[17] STOPPANI A O M.Pyruvate metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Nature, 1951, 167(4251):653-654.
[18] HINZE H, HOLZER H.Effect of sulfite or nitrite on the ATP content and the carbohydrate metabolism in yeast[J].Zeitschrift Für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung Und Forschung, 1985, 181(2):87-91.
[19] MAIER K, HINZE H, LEUSCHEL L.Mechanism of sulfite action on the energy metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Bioenergetics, 1986, 848(1):120-130.
[20] SCHAAFF-GERSTENSCHLÄGER I, MANNHAUPT G, VETTER I, et al.TKL2, a second transketolase gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].European Journal of Biochemistry, 1993, 217(1):487-492.
[21] FERNIE A R, CARRARI F, SWEETLOVE L J.Respiratory metabolism:Glycolysis, the TCA cycle and mitochondrial electron transport[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2004, 7(3):254-261.
[22] AKRAM M.Citric acid cycle and role of its intermediates in metabolism[J].Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2014, 68(3):475-478.
