In view of the possible safety problems in the recycling of spent P. eryngii substrates as the cultivation substrates of edible fungi, this study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of recycling the spent P. eryngii substrates in terms of both chemosensory effects and heavy metal contents.The effects of the extract of spent P. eryngii substrates on the germination and mycelial growth of P. eryngii, P. ostreatus, and Flammulina velutipes were studied by plate culture method, and heavy metals were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results showed that the water extract of spent P. eryngii substrates had no effect on the mycelial germination of P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, and F. velutipes, and had no inhibition on the mycelial growth rate and growth potential of P. ostreatus and P. eryngii.The mycelial growth rate was the fastest when the concentration of the water extract was 70%, the mycelial growth rate of P. ostreatus was 11.01 mm/d, and the allelopathic effect index reached the highest of 9.55%.The mycelial growth rate of P. eryngii was 10.12 mm/d, and the allelopathic effect index was 59.62%.The ethanol extract of spent P. eryngii substrates significantly inhibited the mycelial germination, growth rate, and growth of P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, and F. velutipes, but the inhibition increased with the increase of concentration, and the inhibition on F. velutipes was weaker than that of P. ostreatus and P. eryngii.The contents of As, Hg, Pb, and Cd in the spent P. eryngii substrates and fruiting body of P. eryngii were lower than the relevant national standards, which would not cause risks to food and environment.When the amount of spent P. eryngii substrates substitution was 30%, the economic benefits of cultivating P. ostreatus were the highest.When the recovery of spent P. eryngii substrates for secondary cultivation had the dual advantages of reducing production cost and reducing environmental impact, taking into account the cost reduction and reducing environmental impact, the comprehensive effect was best when the amount of spent P. eryngii substrates substitution was 50%.
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