Glycogen-like- polymer is synthesized by biological enzyme method in vitro and is widely used in biology, medical treatment, chemical industry and other fields.Its small molecular size (the molecular weight is 106 Da and below) makes it have good application effect.In this study, glycogen-like- polymer with molecular weight of 106 Da was synthesized by the synergistic method of sucrose phosphorylase-α-glucan phosphorylase-branching enzyme-4-α-Glycosyltransferase.A series of glycogen-like- polymer samples with different molecular sizes and fine structures were synthesized by controlling the ratio of enzyme activities of reaction elements.The high-performance gel size exclusion chromatography, high-performance anion chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum were used respectively to characterize the molecular size and fine structure.The results showed that the molecular weight of Glycogen-like- polymer reduce from 2.20×107 Da to 4.94×106 Da successfully and finally stabilize at 106 Da.The average chain length is between 8.11 and 9.99.The branching degree remained at 7.4%-10.7% showed it retain the highly branched structure.The particle size Rz was between 19.3 nm and 28.0 nm and the anti-enzymatic hydrolysis rate was between 39.78% and 43.19%.This provides a new idea for the in vitro enzymatic synthesis of glycogen-like-polymer, and also increases the application potential in biomedical fields.
DONG Hui
,
DONG Jingjing
,
JIN Zhengyu
,
LI Xiaoxiao
,
BAI Yuxiang
. Enzymatic synthesis of glycogen-like-polymer and the fine structure analysis of the product[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2025
, 51(7)
: 1
-8
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.039379
[1] TAN X L, SULLIVAN M A, NADA S S, et al.Proteomic investigation of the binding agent between liver glycogen β particles[J].ACS Omega, 2018, 3(4):3640-3645.
[2] KAJIURA H, TAKATA H, AKIYAMA T, et al.In vitro synthesis of glycogen:The structure, properties, and physiological function of enzymatically-synthesized glycogen[J].Biologia, 2011, 66(3):387-394.
[3] TAKATA H, KAJIURA H, FURUYASHIKI T, et al.Fine structural properties of natural and synthetic glycogens[J].Carbohydrate Research, 2009, 344(5):654-659.
[4] KAJIURA H, KAKUTANI R, AKIYAMA T, et al.A novel enzymatic process for glycogen production[J].Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, 2008, 26(1-2):133-140.
[5] JIN Z Y, BAI Y X, LIU J L.Methods of synthesizing sugar polymers with different compactness in vitro: China,CN113481261A[P]. 2021-10-08.
[6] LIU J L, WANG Y L, LI X X, et al.Effect of starch primers on the fine structure of enzymatically synthesized glycogen-like glucan[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2022, 70(20):6202-6212.
[7] FURUYASHIKI T, OGAWA R, NAKAYAMA Y, et al.Effects of enzymatically synthesized glycogen on lipid metabolism in diet induced obese mice[J].Food Science and Technology Research, 2018, 24(1):119-127.
[8] IDA-YONEMOCHI H, NAKAGAWA E, TAKATA H, et al.Extracellular enzymatically synthesized glycogen promotes osteogenesis by activating osteoblast differentiation via Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway[J].Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2019, 234(8):13602-13616.
[9] QUISPE-SALCEDO A, IDA-YONEMOCHI H, OHSHIMA H.The effects of enzymatically synthesized glycogen on the pulpal healing process of extracted teeth following intentionally delayed replantation in mice[J].Journal of Oral Biosciences, 2015, 57(2):124-130.
[10] RYOYAMA K, KIDACHI Y, YAMAGUCHI H, et al.Anti-tumor activity of an enzymatically synthesized α-1,6 branched α-1,4-glucan, glycogen[J].Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2004, 68(11):2332-2340.
[11] BESFORD Q A, WOJNILOWICZ M, SUMA T, et al.Lactosylated glycogen nanoparticles for targeting prostate cancer cells[J].ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(20):16869-16879.
[12] KITAKAZE T, YOSHIOKA Y, FURUYASHIKI T, et al.Enzymatically synthesized glycogen protects inflammation induced by urban particulate matter in normal human epidermal keratinocytes[J].Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2020, 67(1):29-35.
[13] FURUYASHIKI T, YATUSHASHI H, KAMASAKA H.Bioglycogen has moisturizing and anti-UV effects on human skin[J].SOFW Journal:Internationales Journal Fur Angewandte Wissenschaft, 2017, 143(3).
[14] KING R F G J, JONES B, O’HARA J P.The availability of water associated with glycogen during dehydration:A reservoir or raindrop?[J].European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2018, 118(2):283-290.
[15] 韩玉宁. 基于糖原的靶向性纳米抗肿瘤药物载体的研究[D].无锡:江南大学, 2020.
HAN Y N.Study on targeted nano-scale anti-tumor drug carrier based on glycogen[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University, 2020.
[16] 范旭瑶. 4αGT和AS双酶制备增强型热可逆淀粉凝胶的机制研究[D].无锡:江南大学, 2022.
FAN X Y.Study on the mechanism of preparation of enhanced thermoreversible starch gel by 4αGT and AS[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University, 2022.
[17] 李雯秀. 大环糊精的酶法制备及其对淀粉糊化—回生行为的影响研究[D].无锡:江南大学, 2023.
LI W X.Enzymatic preparation of macrocyclodextrin and its effect on starch gelatinization-retrogradation behavior[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University, 2023.
[18] SWANSON R A.A thermodynamic function of glycogen in brain and muscle[J].Progress in Neurobiology, 2020, 189:101787.
[19] ZHANG P, NADA S S, TAN X L, et al.Exploring glycogen biosynthesis through Monte Carlo simulation[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2018, 116:264-271.
[20] BESFORD Q A, CAVALIERI F, CARUSO F.Glycogen as a building block for advanced biological materials[J].Advanced Materials, 2020, 32(18):e1904625.
[21] GRIMAUD F, LANCELON-PIN C, ROLLAND-SABATÉ A, et al.In vitro synthesis of hyperbranched α-glucans using a biomimetic enzymatic toolbox[J].Biomacromolecules, 2013, 14(2):438-447.
[22] KAGEYAMA A, YANASE M, YUGUCHI Y.Structural characterization of enzymatically synthesized glucan dendrimers[J].Carbohydrate Polymers, 2019, 204:104-110.
[23] KAJIURA H, TAKATA H, KURIKI T, et al.Structure and solution properties of enzymatically synthesized glycogen[J].Carbohydrate Research, 2010, 345(6):817-824.
[24] WANG Y, LI X X, JI H Y, et al.Thermophilic 4-α-glucanotransferase from Thermoproteus uzoniensis retards the long-term retrogradation but maintains the short-term gelation strength of tapioca starch[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020, 68(20):5658-5667.