To study the mechanism of action of Alhagi-honey acid polysaccharide in improving ulcerative colitis (UC) model mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium sulfate (DSS), its effect on the intestinal microbiota of mice was analyzed.Forty SPF male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, mesalazine group (100 mg/kg), and low- and high-dose groups (100, 400 mg/kg).Mice were induced to the UC model by drinking 3% (mass fraction) DSS solution freely for 7 days, while mice in the mesalazine group and the low and high-dose groups of Alhagi-honey acid polysaccharide were gavaged with the corresponding drug solution, and the control group and the model group were given the same volume of deionized water.The disease activity index (DAI) score, body weight, colon length, and histopathological changes of the colon were observed, the secretion of inflammatory factors in the serum of mice was detected, and the 16S rRNA sequencing of mouse fecal samples was performed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology.Compared with the model group, the DAI score, body weight, and colon length of mice in the high-dose group and mesalazine group were significantly reduced, the pathological damage of the colon was significantly improved (P<0.05), and the changes in intestinal microbiota diversity of UC mice were effectively regulated.At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes increased, while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased.At the genus level, the abundance of beneficial bacteria in Akkermansia increased significantly, while the abundance of pathogenic bacteria in Escherichia decreased.Alhagi-honey acid polysaccharide can improve the diversity of intestinal flora, increase beneficial bacteria and reduce harmful bacteria, reduce the secretion of inflammatory factors, and alleviate the symptoms of UC.
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