Food and Fermentation Industries >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 8: 165 - 178

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041502

Study on dynamic changes of nutrient quality and metabolites of soybean at different growth and development stages

  • CHEN Yue ,
  • YANG Yizhong ,
  • ZENG Kai ,
  • SHI Mengdi ,
  • LIU Shuchang ,
  • BAIERQIGULI Maimaitiaili ,
  • WANG Cheng ,
  • HOU Xujie ,
  • ZHAN Yong ,
  • LIU Fengjuan
Expand
  • 1(Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agri-products (Urumqi), Key Laboratory of Functional Nutrition and Health of Characteristic Agricultural Products in Desert Oasis Ecological Region (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agri-products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)
    2(College of Food Science and Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China)
    3(College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China)
    4(Institute of Crops Research, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832000, China)

Received date: 2024-11-04

  Revised date: 2024-12-02

  Online published: 2025-05-28

Fold

Abstract

To clarify the patterns of nutrient quality and metabolite changes during the growth and development of soybeans, this study used New soybean No.8 as the material to investigate the variation of quality indicators, including 100-grain weight, ash content, fat content, protein content, soluble sugar content, fatty acid content, amino acid content, and isoflavone content, at different growth stages (pre-filling, mid-filling, late-filling, and maturity).Combined with untargeted metabolomics, the key metabolites in the seeds at the four growth stages were qualitatively characterized, and their accumulation patterns, along with the changes in nutrient quality indicators in the early stages and the accumulation of significantly different metabolites between stages, were studied.Results indicated that as soybean growth progressed, the contents of protein, fat, and ash gradually increased, while 100-grain weight, soluble sugar, fatty acid, amino acid, and total isoflavone contents peaked during the late-filling stage and significantly decreased at maturity.Metabolomic analysis identified 1 397 metabolites across the four growth stages, with 172 significantly different metabolites (variable importance in projection> 1.5, P < 0.01, |log2(FC)| > 0.1).The study found that the number of different metabolites was highest between the pre-filling and maturity stages.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified major metabolic pathways, including flavonoid biosynthesis, α-linolenic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism, and a metabolic pathway map was constructed based on these findings.These results provide valuable insights into the dynamic changes of differential metabolites in New soybean No.8 during different growth stages and offer a theoretical basis for further research on the quality formation mechanism of this variety.

Key words： different growth and development stages; New soybean No.8; nutrient quality; untargeted metabolomics; differential metabolites; metabolic pathways

Cite this article

CHEN Yue , YANG Yizhong , ZENG Kai , SHI Mengdi , LIU Shuchang , BAIERQIGULI Maimaitiaili , WANG Cheng , HOU Xujie , ZHAN Yong , LIU Fengjuan . Study on dynamic changes of nutrient quality and metabolites of soybean at different growth and development stages[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2025 , 51(8) : 165 -178 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041502

References

[1] 韩天富, 周新安, 关荣霞, 等.大豆种业的昨天、今天和明天[J].中国畜牧业, 2021(12):29-34.
HAN T F, ZHOU X A, GUAN R X, et al.Past, now and future of soybean seed industry[J].China Animal Industry, 2021(12):29-34.
[2] 何进尚. 大豆发展历史及其栽培技术研究进展[J].甘肃农业, 2009(4):89-91.
HE J S.Development history of soybean and research progress of its cultivation techniques[J].Gansu Agriculture, 2009(4):89-91.
[3] 张海波. 浅析大豆的营养价值及其加工利用[J].山西农业科学, 2009, 37(5):73-75.
ZHANG H B.Preliminary review on the nutritional value of soybean and its processing and utilization[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 37(5):73-75.
[4] ARIYANI W, KOIBUCHI N.The effect of soy isoflavones in brain development:The emerging role of multiple signaling pathways and future perspectives[J].Endocrine Journal, 2024, 71(4):317-333.
[5] 孙铭忆. 大豆维生素E与籽粒中异黄酮、脂肪和蛋白质的相关性分析[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学, 2022.
SUN M Y.Correlation analysis of soybean vitamin E with isoflavones, fats and protein in grains[D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University, 2022.
[6] DENG L L.Current progress in the utilization of soy-based emulsifiers in food applications—A review[J].Foods, 2021, 10(6):1354.
[7] SIVRIKOZ O N, KECECI S D, SANAL S M, et al.Changes in ki-67 and bcl-2 expression in rat gastric mucosa secondary to soybean feeding:An assessment of proliferative and apoptotic activity of flavonoids[J].Journal of Nutritional Biology, 2018, 4(2):196-202.
[8] 刘原媛. 大豆发酵食品对机体的保健作用[J].食品与发酵科技, 2020, 56(4):65-68;132.
LIU Y Y.The health function of fermented soybean food to the body[J].Food and Fermentation Sciences & Technology, 2020, 56(4):65-68;132.
[9] 郑祖庭. 2023年国内外大豆市场回顾及2024年展望[J].黑龙江粮食, 2024(2):23-26;12.
ZHENG Z T.Review of soybean market at home and abroad in 2023 and prospect in 2024[J].Heilongjiang Grain, 2024(2):23-26;12.
[10] 何梓彬, 何龙, 黄惠绿, 等.不同菜用大豆品种产量与外观品质分析[J].黑龙江农业科学, 2023(7):7-13;19.
HE Z B, HE L, HUANG H L, et al.Analysis of yield and appearance quality of different vegetable soybean varieties[J].Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023(7):7-13;19.
[11] 兰静, 王冰, 李宛, 等.黑龙江省主栽大豆品种品质优势分析[J].大豆科学, 2022, 41(1):107-113.
LAN J, WANG B, LI W, et al.Analysis on quality advantages of main soybean cultivars in Heilongjiang Province[J].Soybean Science, 2022, 41(1):107-113.
[12] 张秋英, 李彦生, 刘长锴, 等.菜用大豆食用品质关键组分及其积累动态研究[J].作物学报, 2015, 41(11):1692-1700.
ZHANG Q Y, LI Y S, LIU C K, et al.Key components of eating quality and their dynamic accumulation in vegetable soybean varieties [Glycine max(L.) merr.[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2015, 41(11):1692-1700.
[13] ESCAMILLA D M, XAVIER A, VUONG T D, et al.An assessment of the interaction between sucrose content and seed quality traits in soybeans[J].Crop Science, 2023, 63(5):2650-2664.
[14] 张恒善, 梁振富, 杨玉环, 等.大豆种子脂肪和蛋白质形成及积累规律的初步研究[J].大豆科学, 1990, 9(3):191-197.
ZHANG H S, LIANG Z F, YANG Y H, et al.A preliminary study on the law of formation and accumulation of oil and protein of soybean seed[J].Soybean Science, 1990, 9(3):191-197.
[15] 张丽媛, 代安娜, 于润众, 等.基于代谢组学的黑龙江省不同产地大豆的代谢产物分析[J].现代食品科技, 2021, 37(6):287-295;319.
ZHANG L Y, DAI A N, YU R Z, et al.Analysis of metabolites of soybeans from different producing origins in Heilongjiang Province based on metabonomics[J].Modern Food Science and Technology, 2021, 37(6):287-295;319.
[16] SHAN L Y, TYAGI A, CHEN X Q, et al.Potential anti-obesity effect of fermented adzuki beans and their untargeted metabolomics using UHPLC-QTOF-MS[J].Food Bioscience, 2023, 52:102380.
[17] ZHANG L L, WU J L, XU P, et al.Soy protein degradation drives diversity of amino-containing compounds via Bacillus subtilis natto fermentation[J].Food Chemistry, 2022, 388:133034.
[18] 胡悦, 任保青, 陈陆琴, 等.基于LC-MS代谢组学技术的丽豆-大豆差异代谢物比较研究[J].广西植物, 2023, 43(12):2245-2255.
HU Y, REN B Q, CHEN L Q, et al.Comparative analysis of differential metabolites between Calophaca sinica and Glycine max based on LC-MS metabolomics technology[J].Guihaia, 2023, 43(12):2245-2255.
[19] CAO S, ZHANG Z J, SUN Y H, et al.Profiling of widely targeted metabolomics for the identification of secondary metabolites in heartwood and sapwood of the red-heart Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata)[J].Forests, 2020, 11(8):897.
[20] 宋雯雯. 中国大豆功能性成分地理分布规律及环境影响因素分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院, 2018.
SONG W W.Geographical distribution of soybean functional components and analysis of environmental influencing factors in China[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2018.
[21] 倪资园, 蔡丽, 谢皓, 等.大豆籽粒发育过程中营养物质的积累动态分析[J].北京农学院学报, 2011, 26(2):1-3;9.
NI Z Y, CAI L, XIE H, et al.Analysis of dynamic accumulation on nutrients during maturing process in soybean seed[J].Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture, 2011, 26(2):1-3;9.
[22] 吴润之. 不同大豆品种鼓粒期主要品质动态研究[D].淮安:淮阴工学院, 2021.
WU R Z.Dynamic study on main quality of different soybean varieties during grain filling stage [D].Huaian:Huaiyin Institute of Technology, 2021.
[23] 王春雨, 李彦生, 刘长锴, 等.不同粒重大豆籽粒蛋白质、脂肪及可溶性糖积累动态[J].新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(1):56-64.
WANG C Y, LI Y S, LIU C K, et al.Seed protein, oil and free soluble sugar accumulation during seed fillingin soybean cultivars with different seed size[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(1):56-64.
[24] 赵晋忠, 吴慎杰, 杜维俊, 等.不同生育期大豆品种蛋白质、脂肪积累的变化规律及其与品质的关系[J].华北农学报, 2004, 19(4):33-35.
ZHAO J Z, WU S J, DU W J, et al.The relationship between variation and quality and the accumulation of protein and fat with different-maturing soybean cultivars[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali—Sinica, 2004, 19(4):33-35.
[25] 刘业丽, 栾怀海, 何琳, 等.大豆可溶性糖积累规律研究[J].黑龙江农业科学, 2014(5):45-48.
LIU Y L, LUAN H H, HE L, et al.Study on accumulation regularity of soluble sugar in soybean[J].Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2014(5):45-48.
[26] 徐杰, 胡国华, 张大勇, 等.大豆籽粒发育过程中脂肪酸组分的累积动态[J].作物学报, 2006, 32(11):1759-1763.
XU J, HU G H, ZHANG D Y, et al.Dynamic accumulation of fatty acids in grain maturing process of soybean[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2006, 32(11):1759-1763.
[27] 米景春, 刘丽君.干旱对大豆发育种子油脂脂肪酸形成的调节[J].种子世界, 1993(2):20-21;18.
MI J C, LIU L J.Regulation of drought on fatty acid formation of soybean seed oil[J].Seed World, 1993(2):20-21;18.
[28] 王静, 李冬梅, 黄月明, 等.大豆籽粒中异黄酮及底物含量动态变化研究[J].大豆科学, 2014, 33(5):697-700.
WANG J, LI D M, HUANG Y M, et al.Dynamic change of soybean isoflavone and its synthetic substrate during seeds developing[J].Soybean Science, 2014, 33(5):697-700.
[29] 郭远, 杨柳, 王园清, 等.大豆种子发育过程中异黄酮含量的动态分析[J].农学学报, 2012, 2(11):1-5;36.
GUO Y, YANG L, WANG Y Q, et al.The dynamic analysis of isoflavone during seed development in soybean[J].Journal of Agriculture, 2012, 2(11):1-5;36.
[30] 商炳哲. 高异黄酮大豆种质鉴定与外源MeJA对异黄酮积累的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2023.
SHANG B Z.Identification of soybean germplasm with high isoflavone content and the effect of exogenous MeJA on isoflavone accumulation[D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University, 2023.
[31] 谢倩, 江来, 贺进, 等.不同鲜食品质橄榄果实转录组测序及酚类代谢途径相关调控基因挖掘[J].生物技术通报, 2024, 40(3):215-228.
XIE Q, JIANG L, HE J, et al.Regulatory genes mining related to transcriptome sequencing and phenolic metabolism pathway of Canarium album fruit with different fresh food quality[J].Biotechnology Bulletin, 2024, 40(3):215-228.
[32] 赵艳妹, 刘林娅, 鲁明秋, 等.异黄酮生物合成通路及关键酶研究进展[J].食品与发酵工业, 2024, 50(2):343-353.
ZHAO Y M, LIU L Y, LU M Q, et al.Advances on pathway of isoflavone biosynthesis and relevant key enzymes[J].Food and Fermentation Industries, 2024, 50(2):343-353.
[33] AZAM M, ZHANG S R, QI J, et al.Effect of origin, seed coat color, and maturity group on seed isoflavones in diverse soybean germplasm[J].Plants, 2024, 13(13):1774.
[34] KUROSAKI H, KOYANO S, AOYAMA S.Effects of shading, soil moisture, fertilizations and sowing time on isoflavone content of soybean seed in Hokkaido[J].Plant Production Science, 2023, 26(4):364-377.
[35] 陈福妮, 王卫飞, 穆利霞, 等.6种富含α-亚麻酸食用油脂的主要组成成分及消化特征研究进展[J].中国油脂, 2024, 49(1):60-66.
CHEN F N, WANG W F, MU L X, et al.Progress on composition and digestive characteristics of 6 kinds of edible oils rich in α-linolenic acid[J].China Oils and Fats, 2024, 49(1):60-66.
[36] LIU M, DU X F, CHEN H F, et al.Systemic investigation of di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure in the risk of cardiovascular via influencing the gut microbiota arachidonic acid metabolism in obese mice model[J].Regenerative Therapy, 2024, 27:290-300.
[37] 李文滨, 冯雷, 宋伟, 等.大豆脂肪酸含量积累动态及亚麻酸代谢候选基因筛选[J].东北农业大学学报, 2017, 48(11):1-8.
LI W B, FENG L, SONG W, et al.Accumulation dynamics of fatty acid in soybean seed and screening of candidate gene related to linolenic acid metabolism[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2017, 48(11):1-8.
[38] 刘骏麒. 利用转录组分析揭示大豆籽粒油酸含量的调控网络和枢纽基因[D].昆明:云南大学, 2022.
LIU J Q.Revealing the regulatory network and key genes of oleic acid content in soybean seeds by transcriptome analysis[D].Kunming:Yunnan University, 2022.
[39] 张琴, 董晓庆, 林欣, 等.基于UPLC-MS/MS的不同产地蜂糖李果实初生代谢差异分析[J].食品科学, 2023, 44(8):284-292.
ZHANG Q, DONG X Q, LIN X, et al.Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis of primary metabolites in’Fengtang’Plum fruits from different geographical origins[J].Food Science, 2023, 44(8):284-292.
[40] 秦宁, 李俊茹, 李文龙, 等.大豆籽粒生育酚及其组分含量鉴定与优异种质筛选[J].作物杂志, 2021(3):34-39.
QIN N, LI J R, LI W L, et al.Screening of elite germplasms and identification of seed tocopherol and its component contents in soybean[J].Crops, 2021(3):34-39.
[41] 杨家琪, 韩广源, 刘乃新, 等.甜菜酪氨酸代谢途径关键酶的生物信息学研究[J].中国农学通报, 2024, 40(9):124-131.
YANG J Q, HAN G Y, LIU N X, et al.A bioinformatics study on key enzymes involved in tyrosine metabolism in beet[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(9):124-131.
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉

Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd,.