In this study, three deacidification methods, including twice alkali refining (TAR), ethanol solvent extraction (ESE) and molecular distillation-alkali refining (MDR), were compared and applied to deacidify rapeseed oil with simulated high acid value to the maximum deacidification degree. The optimal deacidification conditions to achieve such degree were also investigated. Adlay bran oil with high acid value was used for verification. The obtained results revealed that the maximum deacidification degree of alkali refining deacidification was 60 mgKOH/g. The TAR could deacidify the acid value to 0.111 mgKOH/g after optimising these three methods, while the ESE and MDR could deacidify the acid value to 3.158 mgKOH/g and 0.280 mgKOH/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the total yields for TAR, ESE and MDR were 34.82%, 47.77% and 57.45%, respectively. The best deacidification method was MDR as follows: evaporator temperature 165 ℃, internal condenser temperature 30 ℃, and 365 r/min wiper speed. The optimal alkali refining conditions were determined as follows: deacidify at 0 ℃, using 60 g/L NaOH solution, and 100 g/L NaCl eluent. The adlay bran oil with high acid value (63.41 mgKOH/g) had a yield of 57.05% and its acid value decreased from 63.41 to 0.441 mgKOH/g after deacidification under these conditions, which corresponded fairly well to the rapeseed oil with simulated high acid value. Overall, the results confirmed that the MDR developed in current study was feasible for deacidifying the rapeseed oil with simulated high acid value.
XU Yao
,
CHEN Guangjing
,
TAN Yue
,
WANG Shasha
,
LI Changfeng
,
KAN Jianquan
. Optimization and comparison of different deacidification methods for rapeseed oil with simulated high acid value[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2019
, 45(2)
: 143
-150
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.017402
[1] 刘雄,阚健全,陈宗道. 高酸值植物油脱酸工艺探讨[J] . 中国油脂, 2002,27(3):24-26.
[2] 陈勇. 食用油脂的脱酸精制方法专利技术综述[J] . 安徽农业科学, 2015,43(17):313-316.
[3] 马传国,王兴国,张根旺,等. 分子蒸馏对高酸值花椒籽油脱酸的初步探讨[J] . 中国油脂, 2001,26(3):50-52.
[4] GONÇALVES C B, RODRIGUES C E C, MARCON E C, et al. Deacidification of palm oil by solvent extraction[J] . Separation and Purification Technology, 2016,160:106-111.
[5] PURWASASMITA M, NABU E B P, KHOIRUDDIN K, et al. Non dispersive chemical deacidification of crude palm oil in hollow fiber membrane contactor[J] . Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences, 2015,47(4):426-446.
[6] ILGEN O, DULGER H S. Removal of oleic acid from sunflower oil on zeolite 13X: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies[J] . Industrial Crops and Products, 2016,81:66-71.
[7] 于修烛,杜双奎,史亚歌. 菜籽油硅酸钠脱酸试验研究[J] . 中国油脂, 2006,31(1):33-35.
[8] 李龙英,金青哲,朱跃进,等. 茶叶籽油分子蒸馏脱酸工艺研究[J] . 中国油脂, 2014,4(39):19-22.
[9] 刘玉兰,董婷,陈园顺,等. 高酸值米糠毛油碱炼脱酸工艺及条件的优化研究[J] . 中国油脂, 2014,39(12):6-10.
[10] 谢莹.米糠油制取及精炼工艺的研究[D] . 长沙:中南林业科技大学, 2013.
[11] 郝志萍.小米糠油精炼及糠蜡制取工艺的研究[D] . 太原:山西大学, 2015.
[12] SCREENIVASAN K, VISWANATH D S. Refining of cottonseed oil using solvents[J] . Indian Journal of Technology, 1973, 11(2): 83-90.
[13] 王娟.高酸值米糠油脱酸脱蜡新工艺的研究[D] . 武汉:武汉轻工大学, 2015.
[14] 杨博,杨继国,王永华,等. 米糠油酶法酯化脱酸的研究[J] . 中国油脂, 2005,30(7):22-24.
[15] KUMAR P K P, KRISHNA A G G. Effect of different deacidification methods on phytonutrients retention in deacidified fractionated palm oil[J] . Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2015,92(5):645-658.
[16] 兰波,陈安,周远,等. 分子蒸馏分提生产稻米油技术的研究[J] . 农产品加工, 2015,11(21):4-7.
[17] 李进伟,骞李鸽,刘元法. 分子蒸馏脱酸对小麦胚芽油的影响[J] . 中国油脂, 2016,41(4):46-50.
[18] 刘荣,殷钟意,姚世勇,等. 高酸值花椒籽油的醇萃取-碱炼混合脱酸工艺研究[J] . 食品工业科技, 2014,35(21):229-233.
[19] RAMAN L P, CHERYAN M, RAJAGOPALAN N. Deacidification of soybean oil by membrane technology[J] . Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 1996,73(2):219-224.
[20] BHATTACHARYYA A C, MAJUMDAR S, BHATTACHARYYA D K. Refining of high FFA rice bran oil by isopropanol extraction and alkali neutralisation[J] . Oleagineux, 1987, 42(11): 431-433.
[21] GB 5009.229—2016, 食品中酸价的测定[S] . 北京:中国标准出版社, 2016
[22] 刘昌盛,杨湄,黄凤洪. 食用植物油脱胶技术研究进展[J] . 农产品加工(创新版), 2010(7):47-49.
[23] 高经梁,刘玉兰,高伟梁,等. 米糠油的加工技术及应用研究进展[J] . 粮食科技与经济, 2012,37(5):49-52.
[24] 刘慧敏.不同植物油微量成分与抗氧化能力的相关性研究[D] . 无锡:江南大学, 2015.
[25] 郝志萍,王常青,訾艳,等. 醇法脱酸条件对小米糠油品质和得率影响的研究[J] . 农产品加工, 2015,4(7):19-22.
[26] GB 2716—2005, 食用植物油卫生标准[S] .北京:中国标准出版社, 2005
[27] 陈园顺.米糠混合油精炼及营养米糠油生产工艺研究[D] . 郑州:河南工业大学, 2014.
[28] 姜绍通,牛春祥,庞敏,等. 稻米油分子蒸馏脱酸工艺优化[J] . 食品科学, 2012,33(18):1-5.
[29] 刘昌盛.冷榨菜籽油低温精炼技术及其品质特性研究[D] . 北京:中国农业科学院, 2012.
[30] 沈密.米糠油化学脱酸工艺条件对谷维素含量的影响[D] . 郑州:河南工业大学, 2014.
[31] 王飞,唐伟强. 基于响应面法脱出核桃油毛油中游离脂肪酸的研究[J] . 包装与食品机械, 2017,35(2):22-25.
[32] BATISTA E, GONCALVES C B. Deacidification of vegetable oils by solvent extraction[J] . Recent Patents on Engineering, 2007,1(1):95-102.
[33] 李翔宇,陈龙,周强,等. 分子蒸馏技术提升DHA藻油品质的工艺研究[J] . 食品工业, 2016,37(8):121-123.
