In this study, acetone was used to extract the astaxanthin from Antarctic krill. The silica gel column chromatography was optimised for separating astaxanthin diester, astaxanthin monoester, and free astaxanthin. A suitable developing solvent was selected. Samples were identified by a thin layer chromatography and the three-dimensional structures were confirmed by Chiralpak IC column. The contents of astaxanthin in different forms were quantified using C30-HPLC. The results showed that a gradient elution through silica gel column chromatography with different ratios of acetone-petroleum ether could completely separate free astaxanthin, astaxanthin monoester and diester. V (n-hexane)∶V (acetone)∶V (acetic acid)=8∶2∶0.2 was the optimum developing solvent for thin layer chromatography. Astaxanthin from Antarctic krill included three optical isomers: 3S,3′S, 3S,3′R, and 3R,3′R. The proportions of 3R,3′R in astaxanthin diesters and monoesters were more than 70%, and the proportion of 3S,3′S was the lowest. The total astaxanthin content in Antarctic krill was 18.9 mg/kg, of which the astaxanthin contents of astaxanthin diester, astaxanthin monoester, and free astaxanthin were 12.0, 6.1 and 0.8 mg/kg, respectively.
CONG Xinyuan
,
SUN Weihong
,
ZHANG Huizhen
,
LENG Kailiang
,
XING Lihong
,
MIAO Junkui
,
LIU Xiaofang
. Additives and Contaminants, 2006,23(11):1 056-1 063.Separation, structure identification and content analysis of different forms of astaxanthin in Antarctic krill[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2019
, 45(2)
: 174
-178
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.017586
[1] 刘勤,黄洪亮,李励年,等. 南极磷虾商业化开发的战略性思考[J] . 极地研究, 2015,27(1):31-37.
[2] 刘丽,刘承初,赵勇,等. 南极磷虾的营养保健功效以及食用安全性评价[J] . 食品科学, 2010,31(17):443-447.
[3] CICERO A F G, COLLETTI A. Krill oil: Evidence of a new source of polyunsaturated fatty acids with high bioavailability[J] . Clinical Lipidology, 2015,10(1):1-4.
[4] ULVEN S M, HOLVEN K B. Comparison of bioavailability of krill oil versus fish oil and health effect[J] . Vascular Health and Risk Management, 2015,11(8):511-524.
[5] 麦康森,魏玉婷,王嘉,等. 南极磷虾的主要营养组成及其在水产饲料中的应用[J] . 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2016,46(11):1-15.
[6] 彭永健,吕红萍,王胜南,等. 天然虾青素的研究进展[J] . 中国食品添加剂, 2017(4):193-197.
[7] 张瑞莲.左旋、右旋及外消旋虾青素抗脂质过氧化活性差异的研究[D] . 广州:华南农业大学, 2016:1-2.
[8] 周庆新,刘婷婷,杨鲁. 虾青素的来源、生物功效及吸收代谢研究进展[J] . 食品研究与开发, 2017,38(16):214-219.
[9] 徐健.雨生红球藻中虾青素的提取及虾青素对皮肤细胞损伤的保护作用[D] . 杭州:浙江大学, 2016:42-55.
[10] 吕亭亭,刘海丽,冯晓慧,等. 虾青素来源及生物活性的研究进展[J] . 中国食物与营养, 2016,22(7):67-70.
[11] CAMPOIO T R, OLIVEIRA F A, OTTON R. Oxidative stress in human lymphocytes treated with fatty acid mixture:Role of carotenoid astaxanthin[J] . Toxicology in Vitro, 2011,25(7):1448-1456.
[12] 张晓娜,惠伯棣,裴凌鹏,等. 功能因子虾青素研究概况[J] . 中国食品添加剂, 2017(8):208-214.
[13] MIAO Feng-ping, GENG Ya-hong, LU Da-yan, et al. Stability and changes in astaxanthin ester composition from Haematococcus pluvialis during storage[J] . Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2013,31(6):1181-1189.
[14] RˇEZANKA T, NEDBALOVÁ L, KOLOUCHOVÁ I, et al. LC-MS/APCI identification of glucoside esters and diesters of astaxanthin from the snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis including their optical stereoisomers[J] . Phytochemistry, 2013,88(1):34-42.
[15] 杨楠,惠伯棣,宫平,等. 雨生红球藻萃取物中虾青素及其衍生物的含量测定[J] . 中国食品添加剂, 2016(11):195-203.
[16] JIANG Xi, YAN Qi-zhi, LIU Fu-he, et al. Chronic trans-astaxanthin treatment exerts antihyperalgesic effect and corrects co-morbid depressive like behaviors in mice with chronic pain[J] . Neuroscience Letters, 2018,662(1):36-43.
[17] 张沙沙.南极磷虾虾青素及虾青素酯分离研究[D] .济南:山东师范大学, 2015:13-30.
[18] MAOKA T, MASAAKI K, NOBUYUKI K, et al. Stereochemical Investigation of Carotenoids in the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba[J] . Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 1985,51(10):1671-1673.
[19] YAMAGUCHI K, MIKI W, TORIU N, et al. The composition of carotenoid pigments in the antarctic krill euphausia superba[J] . Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 1983,49(9):1411-1415.
[20] 孙伟红,邢丽红,冷凯良,等. 高效液相色谱法测定南极磷虾及其制品中虾青素的含量[J] . 食品安全质量检测学报, 2017,8(4):1248-1253.
[21] 杨澍,张婷,徐杰,等. 高效液相色谱手性拆分法分析生物体内虾青素光学异构体[J] . 食品科学, 2015,36(8):139-144.
[22] 孙晓昀.南极磷虾虾青素酯的纯化与分析[D] . 济南: 山东师范大学, 2014:20-33.
[23] MORETTI V M, MENTASTI T, BELLAGAMBA F, et al. Determination of astaxanthin stereoisomers and colour attributes in flesh of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as a tool to distinguish the dietary pigmentation source[J] . Food Additives and Contaminants, 2006,23(11):1056-1063.
