Dilute acid is an important catalyst for generating fermentable sugar through lignocellulose hydrolysis.But this process will be accompanied by production of a large number of microbial metabolic inhibitors,which seriously affects the fermentation of hydrolysates.In this paper,we described the types of fermentative inhibitors,the mechanism of their formation and the metabolism of their toxicology,as well as the research advances on techniques for biological detoxification and the biological degradation pathways of different inhibitors.Furthermore,we analyzed its development based on previous researches.