The volatile components in mycelia of Cordyceps formosana cultured under different conditions and artificial culture of fruiting bodies of C.formosana were extracted by simultaneous distillation and extraction(SDE) for the first time and analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) in this paper.The results showed that culture conditions had great influence on the content and number of volatile components,but little impact on compound classes which mainly were alcohols,olefins,esters,phenols and ethers.There were 19 and 12 volatile components identified in mycelia of liquid and solid culture with the highest content of 1-octene-3-alcohl(51.63%) and 2-decene-5-lactone(41.13%),respectively.Fifteen compounds are identified from artificial culture of fruiting bodies,wherein the content of 1-octene-3-alcohl was highest(37.70%).The common volatile components of 3 kinds of artificial culture of C.formosana were 1-octene-3-alcohol,2-decene-5-lactone,butylated hydroxytoluene and 3-tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole.This paper will provide experimental foundation and scientific basis for further development of C.formosana.