This paper studied volatile components in three stages of Russula virescens,mycelia,commercial and ripe,which were collected by head-space solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME),and analyzed by gas chormatographmass spectrophotoerter( GC-MS). The qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis were performed by combination of retention index and accurate mass measurement as welI as area normalization,respectively. Thirty-seven chemical components was identified in Russula virescens. while twenty-five in mycelia stage,twenty-seven in commercial stage and twenty-nine in ripe stage. The contents of the identified compounds extracted from Russula virescens in these three stages are 77. 04%,82. 55% and 73. 84% of the total volatile substances,respectively,and the identified volatiles in three stages have similarities,which mainly are alcohols,aldehydes and ketones. The main composition of Russula virescens in ripe stage includes 3-octanone,phenyIaldehyde,matsutakeaIcohol,2-amyI furan ect,while the main components of RussuIa virescens are phenylaldehyde,hexanal,2-amyl furan,nonanal and other similar chemicaI components.