In order to improve the drying rate and drying quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and optimal vacuum drying parameters,single factor experiment was used at temperature X_1(50,60,70℃),vacuum X_2(-0.06,-0.04,-0.02 MPa),loading X_3(30,40,50 g) on the drying characteristics and their reasonable ranges.Based on the single factor experiment,three factors quadratic design of rotary combination was established by drying rate(Y1),total chromatic aberration(Y_2),and aperture ratio(Y_3) as indicators.Response surface analysis was carried out by Design-Expert software,the regression models were built by three indexes and optimized single target.Finally,using the weighted scoring method combined three models into a comprehensive model.After optimization of the model,the optimal process parameters are:X_1= 62.18℃,X_2=-0.054 MPa,X_3= 37.23 g.Under the above conditions,the drying rate(Y_1) was 0.058 9 g/min,the total chromatic aberration(Y_2) was 1.3152,the opening rate(Y_3) was 98%.The results were similar with the single target optimization which indicated that the model is reliable.