Through the optimization and verification of the pretreatment method of tricaine, a rapid pretreatment method suitable for the detection of 6 kinds of fishery anesthetics, including tricaine, 2-phenoxyethanol, propofol, eugenol, eugenol acetate and benzocaine was established. Firstly, a HPLC method for the determination of various fishery anesthetics was established by optimizing the detection wavelength and mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 220 nm and 280 nm, and the mobile phase was acetonitrile-water(volumeratio 7∶3). Secondly, by reducing the amount of extraction reagent and simplifying the process of sample extraction, purification and concentration, the pretreatment time was shortened to less than 20 min. Then the pretreatment conditions of tetracaine were optimized by single factor. It was found that the average recovery of tetracaine was (89.46 ± 2.42)% under the conditions of 1.5 mL of acetonitrile, 2.5 min of vortex mixing time and 150 mg of purifying agent. Six kinds of fishery anesthetics and three kinds of aquatic substrates (Ophiocephalus argus, Penaeus vannamei and sea bass) were used to evaluate the extraction efficiency. The recovery was 82.00%-103.87%.Besides, it was found that the pretreatment method established in this study was suitable for HPLC and test strip detection. It had the characteristics of simple operation, short time-consuming and wide application range. It provides a new way for the establishment of supporting sample pretreatment methods for the rapid on-site detection of veterinary drug residues and other chemical hazards in aquatic products in China.
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