Food and Fermentation Industries >

2023 , Vol. 49 >Issue 14: 80 - 87

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.033086

Distribution of β-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin A ester in breast milk

  • LI Yunchang ,
  • WANG Longqiong ,
  • HE Xiaoling ,
  • DING Desheng ,
  • WANG Yuankai ,
  • ZHOU Fenglan ,
  • CAI Tian ,
  • CHEN Kewei
Expand
  • 1(College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)
    2(Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing 400715, China)
    3(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China)
    4(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China)
    5(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China)

Received date: 2022-07-24

  Revised date: 2022-09-02

  Online published: 2023-08-30

Fold

Abstract

Vitamin A and its precursors in breast milk play an important role in the growth and development of infants and young children. In this study, the qualitative and quantitative analyses of β-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin A esters in breast milk under different lactation stages were performed with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. Their intrinsic patterns of distribution in breast milk were investigated by variance analysis, principal component analysis, correlation analysis, and cluster heat map analysis. Results showed that the contents of β-carotene and vitamin A in breast milk gradually decreased with the extension of the lactation period, and the two contents were correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.416). The content of vitamin A esters in breast milk was relatively stable, and a total of nine vitamin A esters were detected under the three lactation stages, with long-chain retinyl esters being the main form present and retinyl behenate having the highest content. There was a certain clustering among different vitamin A esters, and the metabolic correlation between retinyl caprylate, retinyl docosanoate, and retinyl docosahexanoate was the strongest (Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.91). The results of this study can provide a reference for formula research and the development of infant formula food.

Key words： breast milk; β-carotene; vitamin A; vitamin A esters; qualitative and quantitative analysis

Cite this article

LI Yunchang , WANG Longqiong , HE Xiaoling , DING Desheng , WANG Yuankai , ZHOU Fenglan , CAI Tian , CHEN Kewei . Distribution of β-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin A ester in breast milk[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2023 , 49(14) : 80 -87 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.033086

References

[1] THOMPKINSON D K, KHARB S.Aspects of infant food formulation[J].Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2007, 6(4):79-102.
[2] 汪之顼, 盛晓阳, 苏宜香.《中国0～2岁婴幼儿喂养指南》及解读[J].营养学报, 2016, 38(2):105-109.
WANG Z X, SHENG X Y, SU Y X.Interpretation of“guidelines for feeding 0-2 years old infants in China”[J].Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2016, 38(2):105-109.
[3] 武华红, 张亚钦, 宗心南, 等.中国九市城郊2岁以下婴幼儿母乳喂养现状及1985年至2015年的变化趋势[J].中华围产医学杂志, 2019(7):445-450.
WU H H, ZHANG Y Q, ZONG X N, et al.Breastfeeding rates of children under 2 years old in nine cities of China from 1985 to 2015: A comparison between urban and suburban areas[J].Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 2019(7):445-450.
[4] DIMENSTEIN R, SIMPLÍCIO J L, RIBEIRO K D S, et al.Retinol levels in human colostrum:Influence of child, maternal and socioeconomic variables[J].Jornal De Pediatria, 2003, 79(6):513-518.
[5] MADEN M. Current Topics in Developmental Biology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004:153-189.
[6] 邓晶,李廷玉.母乳中维生素A的研究进展[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2019, 27(11):1 204-1 207;1 259.
DENG J, LI T Y.Research progress on vitamin A in breast milk[J].Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2019, 27(11):1 204-1 207;1 259.
[7] TEKGÜNDÜZ K Ş, DİLEK D, KARA M, et al.Factors that affect placental retinol transfer in preterm infants and mothers with retinoldeficiency[J].Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 2022, 52(2):294-302.
[8] 刘欢. 重庆市渝中区正常新生儿维生素A水平及其影响因素研究[D].重庆:重庆医科大学, 2018.
LIU H.The study of vitamin A level of normal neonates in Yuzhong district of Chongqing and its influencing factors[D].Chongqing: Chongqing Medical University, 2018.
[9] 张环美, 万蓉, 陈波, 等.中国城乡不同泌乳阶段母乳维生素A和维生素E含量研究[J].营养学报, 2021, 43(4):347-351;357.
ZHANG H M, WAN R, CHEN B, et al.Concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin E in human milk at different lactation stages from urban and rural China[J].Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2021, 43(4):347-351;357.
[10] 孙涵潇, 毛颖异, 杨希娟, 等.中国六地区成熟母乳中类胡萝卜素含量研究[J].营养学报, 2019, 41(6):534-538.
SUN H X, MAO Y Y, YANG X J, et al.Carotenoids contents in breast milk from six areas of China[J].Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2019, 41(6):534-538.
[11] 谢恩萍, 步军, 李菁, 等.不同保存条件对母乳的影响[J].临床儿科杂志, 2012, 30(3):212-215.
XIE E P, BU J, LI J, et al.Effect of storage condition on quality of human milk[J].Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 2012, 30(3):212-215.
[12] 张淑红, 王龙琼, 丁德胜, 等.母乳中胆固醇及胆固醇酯分布规律研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2023,49(2):218-225.
ZHANG S H, WANG L Q, DING D S, et al.Distribution of cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in breast milk[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,2023,49(2):218-225.
[13] CHEN K W, ROCA M.Cooking effects on bioaccessibility of chlorophyll pigments of the main edible seaweeds[J].Food Chemistry, 2019, 295:101-109.
[14] 李涛, 周艳华, 孙桂芳, 等.HPLC法测定特殊医学用途婴配食品中视黄醇棕榈酸酯和视黄醇醋酸酯[J].食品与机械, 2018, 34(5):91-94.
LI T, ZHOU Y H, SUN G F, et al.Determination of retinol palmitate and retinol acetate in formulas for special medical purposes intended for infants by HPLC[J].Food and Machinery, 2018, 34(5):91-94.
[15] DEBELO H, NOVOTNY J A, FERRUZZI M G. Vitamin A. Advances in Nutrition, 2017, 8(6):992-994.
[16] HARRISON E H.Lipases and carboxylesterases:Possible roles in the hepatic metabolism of retinol[J].Annual Review of Nutrition, 1998, 18:259-276.
[17] 吴轲. 母婴血浆及母乳脂类营养成分研究[D].上海:上海交通大学, 2019.
WU K.Lipids component in maternal-neonatal plasma and longitudinal human milk[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2019.
[18] 林爽, 李晓东, 刘璐, 等.不同脂肪来源婴儿配方乳粉与母乳脂质组成的差异分析[J].食品科学, 2022, 43(10):263-270.
LIN S, LI X D, LIU L, et al.Comparative analysis of lipid composition of infant formula with different fat sources and human milk[J].Food Science, 2022, 43(10):263-270.
[19] DEMINICE T M M, FERRAZ I, MONTEIRO J, et al.Vitamin A intake of Brazilian mothers and retinol concentrations in maternal blood, human milk, and the umbilical cord[J].The Journal of International Medical Research, 2018, 46:1 555-1 569.
[20] 郭艳红, 苏米亚, 刘翠平, 等.中国乳母膳食营养研究现状[J].乳业科学与技术, 2015, 38(2):20-22.
GUO Y H, SU M Y, LIU C P, et al.Dietary intake and nutritional status of lactating mothers in China[J].Journal of Dairy Science and Technology, 2015, 38(2):20-22.
[21] URWIN H J, ZHANG J A, GAO Y X, et al.Immune factors and fatty acid composition in human milk from river/lake, coastal and inland regions of China[J].The British Journal of Nutrition, 2013, 109(11):1 949-1 961.
[22] 程立坤, 陈浩, 王国泽.母乳中脂肪酸组成研究进展[J].现代食品, 2020(23):4-11.
CHENG L K, CHEN H, WANG G Z.Research progress of fatty acid composition of breast milk[J].Modern Food, 2020(23):4-11.
[23] WEBER D, GRUNE T.The contribution of β-carotene to vitamin A supply of humans[J].Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2012, 56(2):251-258.
[24] 李若茗, 董慧, 陈哲晖, 等.β-胡萝卜素的体内代谢及与维生素A的生物转化[J].罕少疾病杂志, 2022, 29(3):1-4;18.
LI R M, DONG H, CHEN Z H, et al.Metabolism and biotransformation of β-carotenoids[J].Journal of Rare and Uncommon Diseases, 2022, 29(3):1-4;18.
[25] SCHWEIGERT F, BOK V.Vitamin A in blood plasma and urine of dogs is affected by the dietary level of vitamin A[J].International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 2000, 70(3):84-91.
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉

Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd,.