[1] SAEEDI P, PETERSOHN I, SALPEA P, et al. Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: Results from the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition[J]. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 2019, 157:107843.
[2] International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edition[C]. Brussels, Belgium: 2021.
[3] 栾凯雯, 贺梦瑶, 刘佳欣, 等. 设计优化微波辅助法提取草石蚕中水苏糖[J]. 食品工业, 2022, 43(2):75-78.
LUAN K W, HE M Y, LIU J X, et al. Box-behnken design and optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of stachyose from silkworm[J]. The Food Industry, 2022, 43(2):75-78.
[4] 张文婷, 岳超, 黄琴伟, 等. 地黄生品与炮制品中8个糖类成分及不同炮制时间点其量变化分析[J]. 中草药, 2016, 47(7):1132-1136.
ZHANG W T, YUE C, HUANG Q W, et al. Contents of eight saccharides in unprocessed and processed Rehmannia glutinosa and content changes at different processing time points[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2016, 47(7):1 132-1 136.
[5] 李俊茹, 秦宁, 李文龙, 等. 大豆籽粒低聚糖及其组分含量鉴定与特异种质筛选[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2):353-360.
LI J R, QIN N, LI W L, et al. Identification of seed oligosaccharide and its components and screening for elite germplasms in soybean[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2):353-360.
[6] 王露. 地黄水苏糖对糖尿病小鼠肠道菌群的影响[D]. 北京: 北京协和医学院, 2013.
WANG L. Effects of stachyose in Rehmannia on intestinal microflora in diabetic mice[D]. Beijing: Peking Union Medical College, 2013.
[7] 席昭雁, 赵起华, 任宏强, 等. 水苏糖治疗便秘53例[J]. 陕西中医, 2007, 28(1):62-64.
XI Z Y, ZHAO Q H, REN H Q, et al. Treatment of 53 cases of constipation with stachyose[J]. Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2007, 28(1):62-64.
[8] 陈小芳, 张晓瑞, 李先恩. 水苏糖对db/db小鼠糖尿病及其肝肾并发症的保护作用探究[J]. 现代中药研究与实践, 2018, 32(4):22-26.
CHEN X F, ZHANG X R, LI X E. Therapeutic effect of stachyose on diabetes and diabetic complications in db/db mice[J]. Research and Practice on Chinese Medicines, 2018, 32(4):22-26.
[9] 陈小芳. 梓醇与水苏糖对2型糖尿病及其并发症的作用探究[D]. 北京: 北京协和医学院, 2018.
CHEN X F. Effects of catalpol and stachyose on type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications[D]. Beijing: Peking Union Medical College, 2018.
[10] 马丽苹, 秦翠丽, 邱智军, 等. 银条α-低聚半乳糖的免疫调节作用研究[J]. 食品工业科技, 2013, 34(9):356-358; 363.
MA L P, QIN C L, QIU Z J, et al. Immunomodulatory effect of alpha-galactooligosaccharides from Stachys floridana schuttl.ex Benth[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2013, 34(9):356-358; 363.
[11] 邬佳颖, 毛丙永, 谷佳玉, 等. 利用水苏糖的肠道细菌的分离鉴定及其利用特性研究[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2020, 46(24):16-23.
WU J Y, MAO B Y, GU J Y, et al. Isolation and identification of the intestinal bacteria capable of utilizing stachyose and its utilization characteristics[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2020, 46(24):16-23.
[12] ZHANG Y J, LI S, GAN R Y, et al. Impacts of gut bacteria on human health and diseases[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2015, 16(4):7 493-7 519.
[13] 邬佳颖, 陈敏暄, 金天赐, 等. 双歧杆菌和乳杆菌对水苏糖的利用特性[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2021, 47(24):13-20.
WU J Y, CHEN M X, JIN T C, et al. Utilization characteristics of stachyose by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2021, 47(24):13-20.
[14] 段盛林. 水苏糖的益生元活性及其应用研究进展[J]. 中国食品添加剂, 2023,34(1): 75-82.
DUAN S L. Research progress on prebiotic activity and application of stachyose [J]. China Food Additives, 2023,34(1): 75-82.
[15] 韩雨薇, 李彩娜, 环奕, 等. 小檗碱配伍水苏糖对糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢及肠道菌群的影响[J]. 中国临床药理学杂志, 2016, 32(12):1 121-1 124.
HAN Y W, LI C N, HUAN Y, et al. Effects of berberine compatible with stachyose on glucolipid metabolism and gut microbiota in diabetic mice[J]. The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2016, 32(12):1 121-1 124.
[16] LIU G M, BEI J, LIANG L, et al. Stachyose improves inflammation through modulating gut microbiota of high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats[J]. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2018, 62(6):1700954.
[17] LI C N, WANG X, LEI L, et al. Berberine combined with stachyose induces better glycometabolism than berberine alone through modulating gut microbiota and fecal metabolomics in diabetic mice[J]. Phytotherapy Research, 2020,34(5): 1 166-1 174.
[18] CAO H, LI C N, LEI L, et al. Stachyose improves the effects of berberine on glucose metabolism by regulating intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in spontaneous type 2 diabetic KKAy mice[J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, 11:578943.
[19] LI C N, CAO H, HUAN Y, et al. Berberine combined with stachyose improves glycometabolism and gut microbiota through regulating colonic microRNA and gene expression in diabetic rats[J]. Life Sciences, 2021, 284:119928.
[20] LIANG L, LIU G M, YU G Y, et al. Urinary metabolomics analysis reveals the anti-diabetic effect of stachyose in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2020, 229:115534.
[21] 白璐, 张喆, 梁曦, 等. 益生菌对2型糖尿病小鼠的调节作用[J]. 食品工业科技, 2020, 41(19):339-346.
BAI L, ZHANG Z, LIANG X, et al. Administration of probiotics on type 2 diabetes mice[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2020, 41(19):339-346.
[22] 李天敏, 赵玉娟, 毕云枫, 等. 辅助降血糖作用乳杆菌的筛选与评价[J]. 东北农业科学, 2019, 44(1):91-96.
LI T M, ZHAO Y J, BI Y F, et al. Screening of Lactobacillus with hypoglycemic activity and evaluation of assistant hypoglycemic effects[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 44(1):91-96.
[23] PAN Q, ZENG X Q, PAN D D, et al. The proliferation mechanism of Lactobacillus plantarum RB1 stimulated by stachyose[J]. Current Microbiology, 2017, 74(6):732-738.
[24] 周强, 徐静, 蔡舒婷, 等. 2型糖尿病患者与健康人之间肠道菌群的对比分析[J]. 中国卫生标准管理, 2021, 12(7):87-90.
ZHOU Q, XU J, CAI S T, et al. Comparative analysis of intestinal microflora between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy people[J]. China Health Standard Management, 2021, 12(7):87-90.
[25] 高珊, 刘晓燕, 张爱敏, 等. 糖尿病微血管并发症患者肠道菌群的特征分析[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志, 2022, 14(2):166-172.
GAO S, LIU X Y, ZHANG A M, et al. Characteristic analysis of gut microbiota in patients with diabetic microvascular complications[J]. Chinese Journal of Diabetes, 2022,14(2): 166-172.
[26] 张爱敏, 高宇, 孙启天, 等. 女性2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者肠道菌群特征及相关性分析[J]. 中华内分泌代谢杂志, 2022, 38(2):100-104.
ZHANG A M, GAO Y, SUN Q T, et al. Characteristics and correlation analysis of gut microbiota in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with coronary heart disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2022,38(2): 100-104.
[27] WU F F, GUO X F, ZHANG J C, et al. Phascolarctobacterium faecium abundant colonization in human gastrointestinal tract[J]. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 2017, 14(4):3 122-3 126.
[28] GOPHNA U, KONIKOFF T, NIELSEN H B. Oscillospira and related bacteria-From metagenomic species to metabolic features[J]. Environmental Microbiology, 2017, 19(3):835-841.
[29] CHEN Y R, ZHENG H M, ZHANG G X, et al. High Oscillospira abundance indicates constipation and low BMI in the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project[J]. Scientific Reports, 2020, 10:9364.
[30] 党崇舒, 赵可新, 李华文, 等. 肠道短链脂肪酸与2型糖尿病相关性研究进展[J]. 中国微生态学杂志, 2021, 33(12):1 471-1 475.
DANG C S, ZHAO K X, LI H W, et al. Current studies on relationship between short-chain fatty acids and type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Chinese Journal of Microecology, 2021, 33(12):1 471-1 475.
[31] OH J K, AMORANTO M B C, OH N S, et al. Synergistic effect of Lactobacillus gasseri and Cudrania tricuspidata on the modulation of body weight and gut microbiota structure in diet-induced obese mice[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2020, 104(14):6 273-6 285.
[32] DERRIEN M, VAUGHAN E E, PLUGGE C M, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a human intestinal mucin-degrading bacterium[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2004, 54(5):1 469-1 476.
[33] SHIN Y H, HWAN C C, SIK Y M, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila secretes a glucagon-like peptide-1-inducing protein that improves glucose homeostasis and ameliorates metabolic disease in mice[J]. Nature Microbiology, 2021, 6(5):563-573.
[34] HANSEN C H F, KRYCH L, NIELSEN D S, et al. Early life treatment with vancomycin propagates Akkermansia muciniphila and reduces diabetes incidence in the NOD mouse[J]. Diabetologia, 2012, 55(8):2 285-2 294.
[35] ZHANG J, NI Y Q, QIAN L L, et al. Decreased abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila leads to the impairment of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in lean type 2 diabetes[J]. Advanced Science, 2021, 8(16):2100536.
[36] LI W F, LI Z, HAN X, et al. Enhancing the hepatic protective effect of genistein by oral administration with stachyose in mice with chronic high fructose diet consumption[J]. Food & Function, 2016, 7(5):2 420-2 430.
[37] LI W F, HUANG D, GAO A N, et al. Stachyose increases absorption and hepatoprotective effect of tea polyphenols in high fructose-fed mice[J]. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2016, 60(3):502-510.
[38] WU Y M, LU Y L, REN D Y, et al. Non-digestive stachyose enhances bioavailability of isoflavones for improving hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in mice fed with high fat diet[J]. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2021, 29(1):87-97.
[39] 贺云, 杨丽霞, 邱连利. 从肠道微生态角度探讨2型糖尿病的发病机制以及治疗措施[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2020, 26(15):229-234.
HE Y, YANG L X, QIU L L. Discussion on pathogenesis and treatment of type 2 diabetes from perspective of intestinal microecology[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, 2020, 26(15):229-234.
[40] DAS U N. Is there a role for bioactive lipids in the pathobiology of diabetes mellitus?[J]. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2017, 8:182.
[41] KOYASU S. The role of PI3K in immune cells[J]. Nature Immunology, 2003, 4(4):313-319.
[42] SHEN N, YU X, PAN F Y, et al. An early response transcription factor, egr-1, enhances insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes with chronic hyperinsulinism[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2011, 286(16):14 508-14 515.
[43] 程俊文. 2型糖尿病视网膜病变患者血清早期生长应答因子1(Egr-1)水平变化及临床意义[D]. 兰州: 甘肃中医药大学, 2020.
CHENG J W. Early growth responsegene-1 expression in type 2 diabetic retinopathy and its clinical significance[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, 2020.
[44] CHO Y K, SON Y, KIM S N, et al. microRNA-10a-5p regulates macrophage polarization and promotes therapeutic adipose tissue remodeling[J]. Molecular Metabolism, 2019, 29:86-98.
[45] ZHAO Z L, LIU W, PI X E. In vitro effects of stachyose on the human gut microbiota[J]. Starch-Stärke, 2021, 73(7-8):2100029.
[46] 杨丽婷, 王子微, 王加启, 等. 短链脂肪酸及其调节肠道炎症作用的研究进展[J]. 食品工业科技, 2022, 43(24):433-443.
YANG L T, WANG Z W, WANG J Q, et al. Research progress of short-chain fatty acids and its regulation of intestinal inflammation[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(24):433-443.
[47] YU F, HAN W, ZHAN G F, et al. Abnormal gut microbiota composition contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice[J]. Aging (Albany, NY.), 2019,11(22): 10 454-10 467.
[48] ZHANG P P, LI L L, HAN X E, et al. Fecal microbiota transplantation improves metabolism and gut microbiome composition in db/db mice[J]. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, 2020, 41(5):678-685.
[49] XI M L, TANG H X, ZHANG Y, et al. Microbiome-metabolomic analyses of the impacts of dietary stachyose on fecal microbiota and metabolites in infants intestinal microbiota-associated mice[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2021, 101(8):3 336-3 347.
[50] AHMAD AZAM A, PARIYANI R, ISMAIL I S, et al. Urinary metabolomics study on the protective role of Orthosiphon stamineus in Streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in rats via 1H NMR spectroscopy[J]. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2017, 17(1):1-13.
[51] CHUNG S T, HSIA D S, CHACKO S K, et al. Increased gluconeogenesis in youth with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes[J]. Diabetologia, 2015, 58(3):596-603.
[52] 韩锦铂, 王一国. 肝脏糖异生的调控[J]. 中国细胞生物学学报, 2019, 41(7):1 216-1 224.
HAN J B, WANG Y G. Regulation of hepatic gluconeogenesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Cell Biology, 2019, 41(7):1 216-1 224.
[53] THAISS C A, LEVY M, GROSHEVA I, et al. Hyperglycemia drives intestinal barrier dysfunction and risk for enteric infection[J]. Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology, 2018, 359: 1 376-1 383.
[54] XI M L, LI J, HAO G, et al. Stachyose increases intestinal barrier through Akkermansia muciniphila and reduces gut inflammation in germ-free mice after human fecal transplantation[J]. Food Research International, 2020, 137:109288.
[55] XI M L, ZHAO S L, GE W P, et al. Effects of stachyose on the intestinal microbiota and barrier in antibiotic-treated mice[J]. Journal of Functional Foods, 2021, 83:104493.
