In this study, normal maize (Xiangnongyu27), sweet maize (Xiangnongtianyu3), and waxy maize (Xiangnongbainuo3) were used as the research material. The changes in the length of embryo and radicle, the contents of albumin, globulin, gliadin, glutenin, total protein, reducing sugar, total sugar, amylopectin, amylose, total starch, and lysine in maize seeds after germination of time 0-72 h were tested, and the correlation was analyzed to provide the basis for the physiological changes of maize seed germination. Results showed that the embryo and radicle length of maize increased significantly after germination. The changing trend of physiological indexes of different types of maize was the same, but the change range was different in the process of germination, among them, the content of total protein, gliadin, glutenin, amylose, total starch, and total sugar decreased significantly and the contents of albumin, globulin, reducing sugar and lysine increased significantly after germination, the contents of albumin increased by 1.37%, 0.31%, and 0.55% respectively, and the contents of globulin increased by 0.53%, 0.21%, and 0.58% respectively. The content of reduced sugar was the highest, reaching 4.12%, 5.82%, and 4.05% respectively, the content of lysine increased by 1.64, 2, and 1.71 times, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the length of embryo and radicle was significantly/extremely significantly positively correlated with albumin and globulin, extremely significantly/significantly positively correlated with reducing sugar and negatively correlated with amylose.
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