A review of carcinogenicity, oral submucosal fibrosis, and excitability of areca nut alkaloids

  • ZHANG Jing ,
  • DAI Jiahui ,
  • DAI Wenting ,
  • WANG Shiping ,
  • KANG Xiaoning ,
  • JI Jianbang
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  • 1(Sanya Research Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Sanya 572000, China)
    2(Institute of Processing & Design of Agriproducts, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Science, Haikou 570100, China)
    3(Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China)
    4(Haikou Areca Processing Research Key Laboratory, Haikou 570100, China)

Received date: 2023-03-20

  Revised date: 2023-05-22

  Online published: 2023-10-25

Abstract

Areca nut (AN) corresponds to the dried seed of the fruit derived from the Areca palm (Areca catechu L. Arecaceae). Alkaloids are considered the important active substances in areca nut, which are closely related to the neuroleptic effects caused by areca nut chewing. There are many types of alkaloids in AN, and the content, structure, and function of each alkaloid varies. The content of alkaloids is closely related to the addictive and carcinogenic properties of AN products. AN alkaloids have both positive and negative effects of promoting gastrointestinal digestion, anthelmintic, antibacterial, antidepressant, and carcinogenic, causing oral submucous fibrosis and reproductive toxicity. This review provided information on the types and structures of AN alkaloids and the metabolic pathway of alkaloids to form nitrosamine derivatives. This review also summarized the classification of carcinogens and the progress of carcinogenic research on AN alkaloids, the molecular mechanism of oral submucosal fibrosis caused by AN alkaloids, and the possible mechanism of the excitatory effect of AN alkaloids. This review described the role of AN alkaloids in the cardiovascular system, digestive system, and reproductive system. This review will provide theoretical guidance for the further study of areca nut alkaloids.

Cite this article

ZHANG Jing , DAI Jiahui , DAI Wenting , WANG Shiping , KANG Xiaoning , JI Jianbang . A review of carcinogenicity, oral submucosal fibrosis, and excitability of areca nut alkaloids[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2023 , 49(18) : 356 -364 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.035535

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