Concentrations of gingerol had certain effects on the anaerobic fermentation from food waste, the effects of three pretreatment methods including pyrolysis, ultrasonic, and photocatalytic oxidation on the methane generation from food waste were compared in this paper. The results showed that the disinhibition effect was ultrasonic > photocatalytic oxidation > pyrolysis. The highest cumulative methane yield of ultrasound pretreatment group was 578.00 mL/g VS, which was 312% higher than the control. Three pretreatment methods could all promote the release of organic matter from food waste, improve the intermediate products, and ultimately increase the methane generation rate. The pretreatment could regulate the anaerobic fermentation flora, change the enzyme activity as well as the organic matter degradation in each reaction stage. The activities of acetate kinase, alkaline protease, dehydrogenase, and coenzyme F420 in the ultrasonic pretreatment group were 187.66%, 157.89%, 179.27% and 145.83% of those in the control, respectively. The abundance of Firmicutes, Chloroflexi and Proteobacteria in the microbial community was raised after pretreatment, and methanogens changed from hydrogenotrophic methanogens dominated to acetotrophic methanogens.
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