To reveal the differences of potential functional between goat milk and sheep milk exosomes. The exosomes from goat milk and sheep milk were extracted and identified, then a high-throughput sequencing based on Illumina platform was conducted to analysis the non-coding small RNA (sRNA) and the expression profile of micro-RNA (miRNA) was annotated. 161 known and 5 novel miRNAs sequences were identified in goat milk exosomes. 80 known and 7 novel miRNAs sequences were identified in sheep milk exosomes. Among which, miR-148a, miR-26a and let-7b were highly expressed both in two milk samples. miR-151 was detected only in goat milk exosomes sample. Pathway enrichment showed that the molecular function of miRNA target genes in goat milk exosomes may be involved in binding and catalytic activities. While the miRNAs target genes in sheep milk exosomes had a function of enteromycin binding and a certain promotion effect on host growth or development. The results suggest that the miRNAs from goat milk and sheep milk exosomes may have some common and unique target gene and may play functions in alleviating infection and inflammation of pathogens and inhibiting proliferation and migration of cancer cells. The above miRNAs sequencing and analysis studies provided references for the follow-up study of goat and sheep milk exosomes function.
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