Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) is an enzyme with excellent catalytic efficiency for both water-soluble and non-water-soluble substrates. As a result, it is widely used in various industries such as the synthesis of biodiesel, enantiomeric ketoprofen, and glycerol carbonate, etc. To improve the thermal stability, CALB was aligned with 48 lipase sequences from diverse sources to generate a consensus sequence, and 14 mutations were initially detected that considerably strengthened the conservation of CALB. Subsequently, the combined mutant G114A/A284N (CALBm) with significantly improved thermal stability was determined by site-directed mutation analysis. The results showed that the half-life(t1/2) of CALBm at 50 ℃ was increased by 74.7% compared with CALB, reaching 14.5 min; however, the specific activity (16.1 U/mg) and kcat/Km [5 932.3 mmol/(L·min)] decreased by 36.3% and 23%, respectively. According to molecular dynamics simulation, the improved hydrophobic interaction (G114 vs M83, G114 vs V84, G114 vs I121) and hydrogen bonding (A284 vs G41, A284 vs A281) enhanced the overall rigidity and stability of CALBm. Meanwhile, molecular docking analysis showed that the decrease in the interaction between CALBm and substrate molecules was the main reason for the reduced activity. These results will benefit the application of CALB at high temperatures.
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