In this paper, the inactivation effect and mechanism of curcumin-mediated photodynamic technology (PDT) combined with citric acid treatment on Vibrio parahaemolyticus were studied. The inactivation effect of PDT on V. parahaemolyticus was determined by flat colony counting method, and the morphological changes of bacteria were observed by scanning electron microscope. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) was detected by microplate reader after PDT. The degree of gene damage was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the germicidal effect of PDT was significantly enhanced with the increase of curcumin concentration, light time and the addition of 0.5 mg/mL citric acid (at the highest concentration of curcumin conditions P<0.05). When the concentration of curcumin was 2 μmol/L, the concentration of citric acid was 0.5 mg/mL and light exposure time was 2 min, the total colony number of V. parahemolyticus in PBS decreased from 7.43 lg CFU/mL to 0 CFU/mL. As a photosensitizer, curcumin was activated by blue light to produce strong oxidizing ROS through electron and energy transfer. With the increasing level of ROS in the bacteria, the activities of CAT, SOD, and ATPase decreased, the activity of AKP in the supernatant increased, the bacteria seriously deformed and even tended to be flat, and the band of genomic DNA became darken or even disappear, eventually leading to cell death. In conclusion, curcumin-mediated PDT can effectively inactivate V. parahemolyticus, and the addition of citric acid can significantly enhance the germicidal efficacy, which provided a reference for the popularization and application of PDT in the field of aquatic food safety prevention and control.
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