Taking Camellia nitidissima Chi flower as the research object, the best anti-inflammatory active ingredients were selected by analyzing and comparing the active ingredients of the extracts and isolated components combined with mouse ear swelling experiments.Camellia nitidissima Chi flower extract (CNFE) were prepared by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and separated by XAD1600 macroporous resin column to obtain water elution fraction (CNFE.A), 30% ethanol elution fraction (CNFE.B), 70% ethanol elution fraction (CNFE.C), and 95% ethanol elution fraction (CNFE.D), and the contents of total flavonoids, total sugars, total phenols, and total saponins in the above five components were determined.At the same time, the anti-inflammatory effects of the above five fractions were also investigated in male Kunming mice through xylene-induced ear swelling in mice.Results showed that the active ingredients in CNFE were mainly flavonoids and glycoconjugates, the contents were (37.20±4.70) g/100 g and (34.97±4.30) g/100 g, respectively.In the xylene-induced mice ear swelling test, CNFE had a significant inhibitory effect on xylene-induced mice ear swelling (P<0.05), and the inhibition rate was 34.01%.CNFE.B had a highly significant inhibitory effect on ear swelling in mice (P<0.01), with an inhibition rate of 61.79%, and was able to reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells and significantly decrease the secretion of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serum, and its anti-inflammatory effect was also superior to that of indomethacin.Camellia nitidissima Chi flower extract are mainly flavonoids with certain anti-inflammatory effects, and 30% ethanol eluted fraction is the best anti-inflammatory fraction.
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