The bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa HL11 was identified through morphological, physiological, biochemical experiments, and molecular biology techniques (16S rDNA).The antibacterial activity of HL11 against pathogenic Phytophthora infesfans and the Spongospora subterranea was evaluated using the plate confrontation method.The effects of volatile substances produced by HL11 on the mycelial morphology of these fungi were observed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.The volatiles were analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.The in vitro control efficacy of these volatiles against potato late blight and potato powdery scab was also assessed.Results indicated that the average inhibition rates of HL11's volatiles against the pathogenic P. infestans and S. subterranea were (77.75±1.78)% and (54.37±1.39)%, respectively.Scanning electron microscopy revealed that exposure to HL11 volatiles caused mycelial tip swelling, surface indentation, and protrusions in the fungi.GC-MS identified 12 components with similarity over 80%, among which the antibacterial agents were primarily 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2-phenylethanol, accounting for 17.34% and 1.86% of the volatiles, respectively.The volatiles produced by HL11 demonstrated a protective effect against potato late blight and potato powdery scab, with control efficacies of (50±0.68)% and (41.67±0.55)%, respectively.These findings are significant for the development and utilization of HL11.
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