Infant formula is the optimal breast milk substitute.This study compared lipid profiles of goat milk MFGM, soybean phospholipid, and egg yolk lecithin versus human milk fat globule membrane(MFGM) using untargeted lipidomics to elucidate key compositional differences.The analysis identifies 13 fatty acids and 548 phospholipid molecules across all samples.Palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1) emerge as the predominant saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.Comparative analysis reveals higher compositional similarity between goat milk MFGM and human MFGM, particularly in sphingomyelin content.Soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin demonstrate substantial compositional similarity to breast MFGM in terms of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine profiles.Notably, certain lipid species with relatively low abundance in goat milk MFGM, such as PC(O-20:0/22:0), PE(P-20:0/22:0), Cer(d14:2/22:1)), show relatively high content in soy lecithin or egg yolk lecithin.Furthermore, metabolic pathway analysis indicates that glycerophospholipid metabolism is the predominant phospholipid metabolic pathway across all four sample types. This study elucidates the compositional differences in phospholipids and fatty acids between MFGMs from different milk sources and dietary phospholipids, providing crucial theoretical foundations and empirical data for the humanization of lipid components in goat milk-based infant formula.
LI Jiayu
,
ZHANG Xiuxiu
,
GAI Jiaxuan
,
LI Xiaodong
,
LIU Lu
. Analysis of differences in milk-derived fat globule membrane and dietary phospholipid composition based on lipidomics:Phospholipids and fatty acids[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2025
, 51(20)
: 371
-377
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.042822
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