Dietary polysaccharides have the potential to alter the composition and metabolic function of gut microbiota, influencing the body's immunity and alleviating allergic symptoms, however, the effects varied by polysaccharides. The effect of dietary polysaccharides on the regulation of gut microbiota and their tryptophan metabolites in vitro fermentation model of faeces was investigated. The suitable dietary polysaccharides for allergic people were screened. The α and β diversity showed that, there was an increase in species richness and evenness of microbiota after the dietary intervention. Species analysis revealed an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the Ganoderma lucidum, Astragalus, Cordyceps militaris, Inonotus obliquus, Phaeophyta algae, Flammulina velutipes, Hericium erinaceus, and Poria cocos polysaccharides. The targeted metabolome was used to detect the changes in tryptophan metabolites, using LC-MS based techniques for their qualitative and quantitative analysis, five potential dietary polysaccharides were found to improve tryptophan metabolites, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA) and indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3C), namely G. lucidum, C. militaris, Phaeophyta algae, F. velutipes, and P. cocos polysaccharides, which could amend the metabolic process of tryptophan by changing the gut microbiota, especially Phaeophyta algae polysaccharides(fucoidan) and P. cocos polysaccharides significantly increased ILA and I3C. To sum up, fucoidan and P. cocos polysaccharides can alert the composition of gut microorganisms and enhance tryptophan metabolites, and have the potential as functional factors for the development of special foods suitable for allergic people.
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