To explore the dynamic changes and content differences of flavonoids, phenolic acids, limonoids, alkaloids, and coumarins during the development of kumquat fruit, the content changes and differences of five bioactive components in the whole fruit of 8 kumquat varieties at different growth stages were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Results showed that from September to December, 85 bioactive components were detected in 8 varieties of kumquat fruits, including 48 flavonoids (mainly flavonoids and polymethoxyflavones), 9 phenolic acids (mainly chlorogenic acid and erucic acid), 3 limonin (mainly limonin), 5 biogenic bases (mainly N-methyl tyramine and tyramine), and 20 coumarins (mainly artemisinin). With the fruit expansion, the total contents of flavonoids, limonoids, and alkaloids in kumquat fruit decreased sharply with the increase of maturity 35-125 days after anthesis and tended to be flat about 95 days after anthesis. The contents of phenolic acid and coumarin in kumquat fruits varied significantly during development. Among the eight kumquat varieties, the content of total flavonoids in kumquat hybrids was the highest, but the content of kumquat glycosides was very small. The content of total flavonoids in the other seven kumquat varieties was mainly kumquat glycosides, accounting for 26.08%-79.08% of the total flavonoids. In this study, the detection method of kumquat glycosides was established, and the results confirmed the differences in bioactive components in kumquat fruit at different growth stages, which provided data support for the comprehensive utilization of kumquat fruit resources and the development of health products.
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