Abstract: As a new kind of functional food, the effects of low glutelin rice on intestinal flora after gastrointestinal digestion remained to be studied. Starch, low glutelin rice and ordinary rice were used as carbon sources. The fecal microorganisms of healthy people were fermented in a bionic large intestinal reactor, to explore the effects of low glutelin rice on the structure and metabolism of human intestinal flora. The results showed that in the beneficial metabolites of low glutelin rice, the concentration of short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)reached 104.85 mmol/L, which was 44.94% and 25.33% higher than starch and ordinary rice. The concentration of lactic acid reached 18.19 mmol/L, which was 60.55% and 25.28% higher than starch and ordinary rice. In the harmful metabolites of low glutelin rice, the concentration of branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs)was 0.29 mmol/L, which was 79.31% lower than ordinary rice. The concentration of ammonia was 2.60 mmol/L, which was 16.15% lower than ordinary rice. Plate counting showed that the beneficial intestinal bacteria Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium increased significantly (P<0.05). 16S rDNA sequencing showed that the abundance ofBacteroidetes and Firmicutesincreased while that of Proteobacteria andFusobacteriadecreased. Based on the results, low glutelin rice has a positive effect on the structure and metabolism of intestinal flora in healthy people.
胡国奥,詹晓北,李志涛,等. 低谷蛋白大米在仿生大肠反应器中对肠道菌群结构及代谢的影响[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2021, 47(13): 23-29.
HU Guoao,ZHAN Xiaobei,LI Zhitao,et al. Effects of flow glutelin rice on composition and metabolism of intestinal flora in bionic large intestinal reactor[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2021, 47(13): 23-29.
陈旭,陈选,杨炯,等.低谷蛋白大米对Beagle犬血糖生成指数的影响[J].食品科学,2020,41(17):126-132.CHEN X,CHEN X,YANG J,et al.Glycemic index of low gluten rice in beagle dogs[J].Food Science,2020,41(17):126-132.
[2]
ALRUFAYE Z T A U,ALSHEIKH W M S,GHALEB I K.Detection of Lgc1 gene low glutelin content in rice cultivars iraq using Iindel markers[J].Journal of Global Pharma Technology,2018,10(8):193-196.
[3]
JI Y L,JONG H L,JUN H C.Analysis of eating quality in recombinant inbred lines and selection of elite line with low glutelin content in rice[J].Korean Journal of Breeding Science,2012,44(2):136-141.
[4]
GUO D S,LING X T,ZHOU X G,et al.Evaluation of the quality of a high-resistant starch and low-glutelin rice (Oryza sativa L.) generated through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2020,68(36):9 733-9 742.
[5]
LI G H,CHEN Y L,DING Y F.et al.Charactering protein fraction concentrations as infl uenced by nitrogen application in low-glutelin rice cultivars[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2016,15(3):537-544.
[6]
WANG L H,LIU S J,JI S L,et al.Fine mapping and marker-assisted selection (MAS) of a low glutelin content gene in rice[J].Cell Research,2005,15(8):622-630
[7]
WANG H,WEI C X,MIN L,et al.Good or bad:Gut bacteria in human health and diseases[J].Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment,2018,32(5):1 075-1 080.
[8]
ANN M O,FERGUS S,The gut microbiota in transplant patients[J].EMBO Reports,2006,7(7):688-693.
[9]
FUKUI H,XU X,MIWA H,Role of gut microbiota-gut hormone axis in the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders[J].Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility,2018,24(3):367-386.
[10]
MAKKI K,DEEHAN E C,WALTER J,et al.The impact of dietary fiber on gut microbiota in host health and disease[J].Cell Host Microbe,2018,23(6):705-715.
[11]
BARCZYNSKA R,LITWIN M,SLIZEWSKA K,et al.Bacterial microbiota and fatty acids in the faeces of overweight and obese children[J].Polish Journal of Microbiology,2018,67(3):339-345.
[12]
EAMONN M M Q,Gut bacteria in health and disease[J].Gastroenterology and Hepatology,2013,9(9):560-569
[13]
QIN J,LI Y,CAI Z,et al.A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes[J].Nature,2012,490(7 418):55-60.
[14]
URIOT O,GALIA W,AWUSSI A A,et al.Use of the dynamic gastro-intestinal model TIM to explore the survival of the yogurt bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus and the metabolic activities induced in the simulated human gut[J].Food Microbiol,2016,53:18-29.
[15]
支梓鉴, 俞邱豪,程焕,等.肠道微生物体外发酵模型研究进展及其在食品中的应用[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(14):353-358.ZHI X J,YU Q H,CHEN H,et al.Advances in in vitro fermentation model of gut microbiota and its applications in food[J].Food and Beverage Industry,2016,37(14):353-358.
[16]
张文龙, 詹晓北,陈荦,等.模拟胃肠道反应器的参数建立与冷模实验研究[J].化工学报,2019,70(5):1 879-1 886.ZHANG W L,ZHAN X B,CHEN L,et al.Parameter estimation and cold model experiments of gastrointestinal simulation reactor[J].CIESC Journal,2019,70(5):1 879-1 886.
[17]
SHANAHAN F,The host-microbe interface within the gut[J].Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol,2002,16(6):915-931.
[18]
LI M,YUE H,WANG Y,et al.Intestinal microbes derived butyrate is related to the immunomodulatory activities of dendrobium officinale polysaccharide[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2020,149:717-723.
[19]
MINEKUS M,SMEETS-PEETERS M,BERNALIER A,et al.A computer-controlled system to simulate conditions of the large intestine with peristaltic mixing,water absorption and absorption of fermentation products[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,1999,53(1):108-114.
[20]
王如月, 余讯,徐静静,等.燕麦β-葡聚糖及其寡糖对肠道菌群结构和代谢的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2020,46(11):85-91;97.WANG R Y,YU X,XU J J,et al.Effects of oat β-glucan and oligosaccharides on composition and metabolism of intestinal microorganisms[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,2020,46(11):85-91;97.
[21]
梁剑光,朱玲,徐正军.靛酚蓝-分光光度法测定发酵液中氨态氦含量研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2006,32(9):134-137.LIANG J G,ZHU L,XU Z J.Study on the determination of NH+4-N content in microbial fermentation liquor by indophenol blue spectrophotometric method[J].Food and Fermentation Industries,2006,32(9):134-137.
[22]
CHAIKHAM P,RATTANASENA P,et al.Combined effects of low-fat ice cream supplemented with probiotics on colon microfloral communities and their metabolites during fermentation in a human gut reactor[J].Food Bioscience,2017,17:35-41.
[23]
霍冬雪,张家超,白娜,等.适用于分离人肠道中双歧杆菌的选择性培养基[J].微生物学报,2014,(4):433-441.HUO D X,ZHANG J C,BAI N,et al.Selective medium to isolate human Bifidobacterium[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2014,(4):433-441.
[24]
CHEN C,HUANG Q,FU X,et al.In vitro fermentation of mulberry fruit polysaccharides by human fecal inocula and impact on microbiota[J].Food Function,2016,7(4):637-643.
[25]
MAATHUIS A,HOFFMAN A,EVANS A,et al.The effect of the undigested fraction of maize products on the activity and composition of the microbiota determined in a dynamic in vitro model of the human proximal large intestine[J].Journal of the American College of Nutrition,2009.28(6):657-666.
[26]
WALSH C J,GUINANE C M,O’TOOLE P W,et al.Beneficial modulation of the gut microbiota[J].FEBS Letters,2014.588(22):4 120-4 130.
[27]
BONDER M J,TIGCHELAAR E F,CAI X,et al.The influence of a short-term gluten-free diet on the human gut microbiome[J].Genome Medicine,2016,8(1):1 756-1 766.