Effect of probiotics on the host intestinal barrier
WANG Chaoyue1,2, HAN Jin1, WU Zhengjun1*, GUO Chengxiao1, TANG Yuefang1,2
1(State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co.Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China) 2(College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)
Abstract: The intestinal tract is the largest interface between the body and the environment. It is not only responsible for absorbing essential nutrients, but also for protecting the host from various toxins and pathogens. The intestinal barrier consists of mechanical barrier, chemical barrier, microbial barrier and immune barrier. Impaired intestinal barrier is related to the occurrence and development of a variety of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Probiotics can improve the host intestinal barrier function in many ways: (1) improve the mechanical barrier by promoting cell proliferation and enhancing junctions between intestinal cells; (2) improve the chemical barrier by promoting host expression of mucin; (3) improve the microbial barrier by competing for mucosal colonization sites and adjusting the composition of intestinal flora; (4) improve the immune barrier by increasing the number of IgA secreting cells in lamina propria and the level of sIgA in intestinal mucus. This paper summarizes the main progress of probiotics in improving intestinal barrier function, preventing and alleviating intestinal diseases in the past two decades. We also emphasize the strain specificity of probiotics as biotic therapeutic agents in the treatment of intestinal diseases and propose effective strategies to use inactivated probiotics and probiotics metabolites as alternative agents of living probiotics in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
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2022, Vol. 48 
