Abstract: The crude pigment was extracted from the apple seed shells by using the method of solvent extraction.The influences of different factors such as the different solvents,Na OH concentration,solid-liquid ratio,temperature and time on the extraction effects of the crude pigment were compared,and the suitable extracted conditions were determined. The purified pigment were obtained separately with the methods of acid-precipitation and ethanol-precipitation. The chemical properties,UV-visible spectra and infrared( IR) spectra of the purified pigments were analyzed.The results showed that the suitable conditions of extracting crude pigment were as follows: 2. 0% Na OH solution as extraction agent,solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 30,extraction temperature 70℃,extraction time 1. 5 h. With these conditions,the yield of the crude pigment was 6. 205%. The UV-visible spectrum analysis showed that there was an apparent absorption peak near 264 nm for both ethanol-precipitation pigment and acid-precipitation pigment. IR spectrum analysis revealed that the two kinds of purified pigments had functional groups including aromatic rings and phenolic hydroxyl groups structure. The acid-precipitation pigment include the methylene structure and ester carbonyl structure,but ethanol-precipitation pigment didn't exist in these structures and the substituents on the aromatic rings of the two kinds of pigments were different from each other. According to the results of chemical property analysis,it was concluded preliminarily that the pigment from apple seed shells was not a kind of typical flavonoids but polyphenolic compounds with aromatic rings and two adjacent hydroxide groups. This was the first study on the extraction process,chemical properties and structure of the apple seed pigment,which would have important implications for the comprehensive utilization of the apple seed source and the exploitation of the natural pigment.
毕艳红,王朝宇,王晓莉,等. 苹果籽壳色素的提取分离及成分分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2014, 40(12): 210-215.
BI Yan-hong,WANG Zhao-yu,WANG Xiao-li,et al. Preliminary studies on the extraction and components of the pigment from apple seed shells[J]. Food and Fermentation Industries, 2014, 40(12): 210-215.
2014, Vol. 40 
