分别采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱方法(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry，MALDI-TOF MS)、16S rRNA基因测序、VITEK 2 COMPACT和传统生化方法(牛乳汹涌发酵实验)鉴定实验室保存的51株产气荚膜梭菌，以评估MALDI-TOF MS方法是否适用于产气荚膜梭菌的快速鉴定。MALDI-TOF MS方法将51株菌均鉴定为产气荚膜梭菌且鉴定分值在2.300以上，达到鉴定到种的要求。16S rRNA基因序列比对结果与MALDI-TOF MS方法结果一致。VITEK 2 COMPACT将49株菌鉴定为产气荚膜梭菌，2株菌未能成功鉴定。47株菌的牛乳汹涌发酵实验呈阳性，4株菌为牛乳汹涌发酵实验阴性，且这4株菌经其他3种方法均鉴定为产气荚膜梭菌。结果表明，无论是牛乳汹涌发酵实验还是VITEK 2 COMPACT，在检测产气荚膜梭菌时都有可能发生漏检。相比牛乳汹涌发酵实验、VITEK 2 COMPACT和16S rRNA测序方法，MALDI-TOF MS方法更加快速、准确和低成本，适用于产气荚膜梭菌的快速鉴定。

To evaluate whether matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) method could be used to identify Clostridium perfringens rapidly, 51 C. perfringens isolated strains were identified by MALDI-TOF MS method and compared with results from VITEK 2 COMPACT, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and iron-milk presumptive test. All the isolated strains were identified as C. perfringens by MALDI-TOF MS method and the Log score were all above 2.300, indicating accurate species identification. The identification results from 16S rRNA sequencing were the same as above. Two C. perfringens strains were identified as “Unidentified Organism” with VITEK 2 COMPACT. Four C. perfringens strains got negative results in iron-milk presumptive test. These results indicated that both iron-milk presumptive test and VITEK 2 COMPACT could give false negative results in C. perfringens identification. Compared to 16S rRNA sequencing, iron-milk presumptive test and VITEK 2 COMPACT, MALDI-TOF MS method was more accurate, rapid and lower cost. It was more suitable for C. perfringens identification.