以钙强化牛乳为研究对象,考察不同钙存在形式以及不同钙浓度,以及微波加热方式对牛乳营养组分以及牛乳热稳定性的影响。结果表明,微波加热相比快速传导加热对钙强化牛乳体系的组分影响差异较小;以离子形式存在的钙强化牛乳体系在微波加热过程中热稳定性较差。该研究揭示了钙在牛乳微波加热过程的响应规律,对评价传统及钙营养强化产品的微波复热安全性提供了标准。
The influence of thermo-stability of different source of calcium enrichment in and calcium fortified milk heated by microwave was studied. The result shows that microwave heating has less impact to calcium enriched milk system than rapid heat transfer method. Iron form calcium has poor thermal stability during microwave heating. The paper discovers the response rules of calcium, supply reference for evaluating the microwave thermal stability of the traditional and the calcium fortified products.
[1] SINGH H, WAUNGANA A. Influence of heat treatment of milk on cheesemaking properties[J]. International Dairy Journal, 2001, 11(4): 543-551.
[2] 周洁谨,张列兵,梁建芬. 加热及贮藏对牛乳脂肪及蛋白聚集影响的研究[J].食品科技, 2010, 35(5): 72-76.
[3] NACCARI C, MARIATERESA C, GIOFRE F, et al. PAHs concentration in heat-treated milk samples[J]. Food Research International, 2011,44(3):716-724.
[4] 顾佳升. 论我国液态奶加工中的“过度加热”倾向[J]. 中国乳业, 2006(2):3.
[5] WESTERGAARD V. Milk Powder Technology: Evaporation and Spray Drying[M]. 5th ed. Copenhagen, Denmark: NIRO A/S, 2004.
[6] 张秀玲,王辉. 高钙液态奶中试加工工艺的研究[J].致富时代·下半月,2014(4):76.
[7] 张锋华,张云. 高钙牛奶稳定性研究[J]. 乳业科学与技术,2009(2):63~66.