细菌素是一类由细菌核糖体合成的抗菌肽，目前是食品、医药等多个学科领域的研究热点。乳酸菌在食品中的应用由来已久，通常被认为是一种安全的微生物，并且有助于促进肠道健康，因此其合成的细菌素具有很大的实际应用潜力。近年来人们对肠道菌群的关注度不断提高，同时随着乳酸菌的广泛应用及对其益生机制的不断探究，关于乳酸菌合成的细菌素对肠道菌群的影响的研究显得意义重大。本文基于相关研究进展，阐述了乳酸菌合成的细菌素的分类、特点、应用及对肠道菌群的影响，以期为功能性乳酸菌及乳酸菌细菌素的开发利用提供基础理论依据。

Bacteriocin is a kind of antibacterial peptide synthesized by bacterial ribosomes,which is a hotspot in many fields such as food and medicine. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been used in food for a long time and is generally considered to be a safe bacteria promoting intestinal health. Therefore, bacteriocin synthesized by LAB has great potential for practical application. In recent years, people's attention to intestinal flora has been increasing. With the wide application of LAB and the continuous exploration of its probiotic mechanism, the research on the influence of bacteriocins synthesized by LAB on gut microbiota shows great significance. Based on the relevant research progress, this review expounds the classification, characteristic, application of bacteriocin in LAB and its’ influence on gut microbiota, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of functional LAB and its’ bacteriocin.