对羊肚菌多糖(Morchella esculenta polysaccharides, MEP)进行分离纯化,对多糖组分进行纯度鉴定及结构分析。利用 DEAE-52纤维素层析柱和Sephadex G-100层析柱纯化得到2种组分(MEP-2和MEP-3),均为均一多糖。利用红外图谱(fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR)和刚果红实验分析内部结构,MEP-2是一种吡喃环多糖且具有双螺旋结构,MEP-3含有甘露糖无双螺旋结构。利用高效凝胶渗透色谱法(high-performance gel permeation chromatography, HPGPC)与高效液相色谱法(high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)测定2种组分分子量及单糖组成,MEP-2由甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖组成,摩尔比为2.97∶13.69∶1∶2.60,分子质量为8.3 kDa。MEP-3由甘露糖、鼠李糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖组成,摩尔比为18.25∶0.84∶1∶1.53,分子质量为11.6 kDa。扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope, SEM)和原子力显微镜(atomic foree microseope, AFM)对MEP-2和MEP-3的组成和结构进行分析,MEP-2呈现不同大小的球形构象,MEP-3主要为球状和片状。MUP-3清除DPPH自由基、·OH、ABTS·的能力、还原力优于MUP-2, 清除O-2·的能力弱于MUP-2。
In this study, the polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta (MEP) were purified, characterized and structure analyzed. Two homogenous polysaccharides (MEP-2 and MEP-3) were purified by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The molecular weight and monosaccharide composition of two components were determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that MEP-2 was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and Arabia sugar. The molar ratio was 2.97∶13.69∶1∶2.60 and the molecular weight was 8.3 kDa. Furthermore, MEP-3 was composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucose and galactose with a molar ratio of 18.25∶0.84∶1∶1.53 and molecular weight of 11.6 kDa. The composition and structure of MEP-2 and MEP-3 were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). MEP-2 exhibited spherical conformations of different sizes, while MEP-3 was mainly spherical and flaky. The abilities of MUP-3 to scavenge DPPH,·OH, ABTS·free radicals and reducing power were higher than that of MUP-2, however, lower than MUP-2 in scavenging O-2· capability.
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