为提高荚膜红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas capsulate)对玉米秸秆降解产物的利用和降毒能力并将秸秆转化为饲料。以甲基磺酸乙酯和紫外线作为诱变剂对荚膜红假单胞菌进行诱变,测定诱变菌株对木糖和苯酚的利用能力,并发酵转化预处理后的玉米秸秆。结果表明,诱变菌株(命名为FJM)经连续传代10次后,该菌株接种72 h对苯酚和木糖利用率分别为97.73%和94.44%。利用该菌株发酵转化预处理后的玉米秸秆,在糟层厚度4.5 cm、接种量为2.4×108个/mL,秸秆与蒸馏水的料水比1:10(g:g)、摇床转速120 r/min、发酵温度31 ℃、发酵时间6 d,发酵后的秸秆真蛋白从4.12%提高至23.87%,粗纤维从37.53%降低至14.37%,粗脂肪从4.43%提高至6.51%,粗灰分从4.0%降低至3.51%,发酵干糟含水率为9.97%。因此,FJM能提升秸秆的饲用价值,在将秸秆转化为高蛋白饲料研究中具有潜力。
To improve the utilization and detoxification capacity of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata on corn straw degradation products and convert the straw into feed, ethyl methane sulfonate, and ultraviolet rays were used as mutagens to mutagenize Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. The utilization capacity of the mutagenic strains on xylose and phenol was determined, and the pretreated corn straw was fermented to produce feed. The results showed that after the mutant strain (named FJM) was continuously subcultured for 10 times, the utilization rate of phenol and xylose were 97.73% and 94.44%, respectively, after 72 h of inoculation. When the mutant strain was used to ferment and transform the pretreated corn straw under the conditions of straw layer thickness of 4.5 cm, inoculum size of 3×108 pieces /mL, material-water ratio of 1:10 (straw g/ distilled water g), shaking table speed of 120 r/min, fermentation temperature of 31℃, and fermentation time of 6 d, the true protein content of fermented straw increased from 4.12% to 23.87%, crude cellulose decreased from 37.53% to 14.37%, fat increased from 4.43% to 6.51%, crude ash content decreased from 4.0% to 3.51%, and the moisture content rate of fermented dried grain was 9.97%. Therefore, FJM can increase the feed value of straw and has potential in the research of converting straw into high-protein feed.
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