该文研究橄榄油中微量元素含量的分布规律及其与橄榄油产地之间的关系。采用煤油对橄榄油进行稀释,利用电感耦合等离子体串联质谱(inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry,ICP-MS/MS)法测定不同产地(中国、意大利、西班牙、希腊)18种橄榄油中的16种微量元素。适用性检验结果表明,橄榄油中各微量元素之间具有强线性相关性,采用主成分分析和聚类分析对橄榄油中微量元素的含量数据标准化处理后进行综合评价。主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分累积方差贡献率达80.961%,能代表原始数据矩阵信息,因子分析显示橄榄油的特征元素为Na、Ti、Cu、Zn、Sr、Pb,聚类分析将18个橄榄油聚为四大类,不同产地橄榄油具有明显的差异性,可实现橄榄油产地的初步判别。通过微量元素的主成分分析和聚类分析,使用特征微量元素能够对橄榄油进行有效产地溯源和判别。
The distribution of trace elements in olive oil and the relationship between trace elements and the producing areas of olive oils were investigated. The olive oil was diluted by kerosene, and 16 trace elements in 18 olive oil samples from different producing areas (China, Italy, Spain, and Greece) were determined using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS). The applicability test showed that there was a strong linear correlation between the trace elements in olive oil. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis were applied to evaluate the distribution of trace elements of the determination results after data standardization. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first five principal components was 80.961%, which could represent the information of original data matrix. Factor analysis showed that the characteristic elements of olive oil were Na, Ti, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Pb. Cluster analysis clustered 18 olive oil samples into four groups. The content of trace elements in olive oil from different producing areas had obvious differences, which could realize the preliminary discrimination of olive oil from different producing areas. Through principal component analysis and cluster analysis of trace elements, the use of characteristic trace elements could effectively trace and distinguish from the producing areas of olive oil.
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